Soil aggregate breakdown in response to wetting rate during the inter-rill and rill stages of erosion in a contour ridge system

An, Juan; Liu, Qianjin

doi:10.1016/j.catena.2017.05.027

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Separating the soil samples by sodicity gave larger R 2 values for SLRR than separating them by wetting rate (Figure a,b), showing that although increasing sodicity and wetting rate might have comparable effects (e.g. similar shape curves) on the slaking of soil aggregates and aggregate size distribution, sodicity and the combined effect of sodicity and wetting produced many more small‐sized aggregates or eroded material (Figures and ) than each of them alone (An & Liu, ; Mamedov et al, ). When soils with a wide range of soil texture and sodicity (ESP~1–20, mostly 5–20) were studied (i.e., with overall greater sensitivity to aggregate disintegration than non‐sodic soils), the effects of rain properties (i.e., kinetic energy and intensity) did not change the general trend of greater surface aggregate disintegration (Figures ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The basic experimental conditions (i.e., rain intensity, tray size and slope) were the same in all the datasets examined. Therefore, the type of SLRR depends strongly on whether the conditions (rain and soil properties) under which runoff and soil loss were determined support soil structural stability (Norton et al, ) or the breakdown of surface aggregates, which increases the production of easily transportable clay particles (An & Liu, ; Shainberg et al, ; Warrington et al, ). Warrington et al () observed differences between the particle‐size distribution of runoff sediments at the beginning and end of the rainfall simulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Manipulation of field conditions in non‐sodic soils (Figures b, and b), such as initial moisture content, and length of time between wetting and the start of rainfall had only a moderate effect on surface aggregate stability (Mamedov et al, ). A recent study by An and Liu () reported that for a contour ridge system subjected to simulated rain, the degree of aggregate breakdown and the resultant size distribution, and hence soil erodibility and interrill and rill erosion, varied greatly with the change of wetting rate (e.g. An & Liu, ; Shainberg et al, ; Yan et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent study by An and Liu () reported that for a contour ridge system subjected to simulated rain, the degree of aggregate breakdown and the resultant size distribution, and hence soil erodibility and interrill and rill erosion, varied greatly with the change of wetting rate (e.g. An & Liu, ; Shainberg et al, ; Yan et al, ). Interestingly, large amounts of soil loss were obtained at air‐dry and full saturation moisture contents, and small amounts at moisture contents ranging between field capacity and wilting point (Supporting Information Figure S5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the type of SLRR depends strongly on whether the conditions (rain and soil properties) under which runoff and soil loss were determined Runoff/mm Treatments Control Gypsum PAM + Gypsum FIGURE 7 Relation (p < 0.001) between soil loss and runoff following the addition of two types of amendments: gypsum (0, 2 and 4 t ha −1 ) or polyacrylamide (PAM) (0, 10, 20 kg ha −1 ). Data were collected with high kinetic energy rain (15.9 kJ m −3 ) for 30 soils varying in texture (from loamy sand to clay) The soils were wetted at a fast rate of wetting (64 mm hr −1 ) before rain support soil structural stability (Norton et al, 2006) or the breakdown of surface aggregates, which increases the production of easily transportable clay particles (An & Liu, 2017;Shainberg et al, 2003;Warrington et al, 2009). Warrington et al (2009) observed differences between the particle-size distribution of runoff sediments at the beginning and end of the rainfall simulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil erosion–runoff relations on cultivated land: Insights from laboratory studies

Mamedov

Levy

2019

European J Soil Science

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Land degradation in the form of soil erosion is a major problem in semiarid and arid regions. Understanding the processes and mechanisms affecting the generation of runoff and subsequent soil erosion in these regions is essential for the development of improved soil and water conservation and crop management practices. We performed a meta‐analysis of both published and unpublished runoff and soil erosion data and the relations between them; data were obtained from numerous semiarid regions (211 samples, 720 simulations), exposed to drip type laboratory rain simulators. The samples varied in their intrinsic properties (e.g. texture and organic matter) and extrinsic conditions (e.g. rain properties and soil condition). Both runoff and soil erosion were considerably affected by the inherent soil and rain properties, and soil conditions within agricultural fields. The relation identified between soil loss and runoff could be expressed either as a nonlinear (exponential or power) or a linear function. Exponential and power functions applied mostly to situations where conditions tended to harm soil structural stability and enhance destabilization of surface aggregates (e.g. high rain kinetic energy, conventional tillage and sodicity). Linear functions applied to cases associated with conditions that enhanced the stability of soil structure (e.g. slow wetting, amendment with soil stabilizers, and minimum tillage in clay soil). The established soil loss–runoff relation (SLRR) contributed to a better understanding of the mechanisms governing overland flow and soil loss at the small plot scale. The relations identified might also assist in (a) further development of soil erosion models and research techniques to be linked with field‐scale data (e.g. by using the connectivity concept) and (b) the design of more suitable management practices for soil and water conservation to decrease soil degradation. Highlights Soil loss–runoff relations were studied in 211 semiarid soils under different extrinsic conditions. Soil loss–runoff relations could be expressed as nonlinear (exponential or power) or linear. Conditions that enhanced destabilization of surface aggregates resulted in nonlinear soil loss–runoff relations. Linear soil loss–runoff relations were noted for conditions that stabilize soil structure (e.g. aggregate stability).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil erosion–runoff relations on cultivated land: Insights from laboratory studies

Mamedov

Levy

2019

European J Soil Science

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The impact of tillage row orientation on physical and chemical sediment enrichment

Wacha

Papanicolaou

Abban

et al. 2020

Agrosystems Geosci & Env

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This study aimed to better understand how tillage row orientation with respect to dominant flow-pathway along hillslope impacts runoff and the transport of different sediment size fractions. Experimental plots were constructed in contour ridge till (CRT) and parallel ridge till (PRT) sites to monitor runoff and sediment fluxes. Particle size fractions of the sediment, along with organic C and N contents were measured to quantify physical and chemical enrichment ratios for the two tillage orientations. In the CRT plot, tillage produced large oriented roughness elements along the contours, which acted as little check dams, while in the PRT site, the roughness elements helped confine and concentrate the runoff. In the CRT, the "check dams" resulted in a runoff coefficient of .03, while in the PRT, the flow confinement between rows produced a runoff coefficient of .82. Moreover, the erosion rates at the CRT site were 97% less than those in the PRT plot. Large contours produced finer sediment fractions due to the selective sorting in ponded furrows. More aggregate sediment fractions were present in the PRT site, which was dominated by rill erosion. Physical enrichment revealed selective entrainment of finer sediment particles during erosion. Finer-grain particles with higher specific surface areas, attached more organic C resulting in chemical enrichment. Physical and chemical enrichment methods were found to be in good agreement. These findings suggest transport models that can simulate size fraction updates to the soil active layer can be used to estimate SOC redistribution and hence more accurate C budgets.

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Responses of soil microbiome to nitrogen input on eroded slope farmland in Southwest China

Zhao,

An,

Fan

et al. 2024

Food and Energy Security

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Maintaining soil productivity and sustainability remains a challenge in the face of a changing global agricultural framework, which includes the primary threat of soil degradation in many regions. Although soil erosion contributes to land degradation, how reductions in fertiliser nitrogen (N) affect erosion and soil microbial communities in sloped farmland remains unclear. In this study, effects of reductions in fertiliser N from 300 kg ha−1 (N1) to 225 kg ha−1 (N2), 150 kg ha−1 (N3), and 75 kg ha−1 (N4) on runoff, sediment yield and microbial community structure were evaluated in 12 maize farmlands with a 10° slope in Southwest China. Soil chemical properties were analyzed, and bacterial 16S rRNA and fungal ITS1 were sequenced from extracted DNA. Runoff and sediment yield in maize were significantly lower in N1 and N2 than in N3 and N4 (p < 0.05). The microbial diversity was higher in N1 and N2 than in N3 and N4. The severe erosion associated with reductions in N input resulted in significant decreases in abundances of the bacterial phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Gemmatimonadetes, Firmicutes, and Nitrospirae and fungal phyla Basidiomycota, Mortierellomycota, and Olpidiomycota. By contrast, abundances of the phyla Acidobacteria (bacteria) and Ascomycota and Glomeromycota (fungi) increased significantly with severe erosion. Distance‐based redundancy analysis indicated that cation exchange capacity, organic matter, and nitrate strongly influenced structure of bacterial and fungal communities. Reductions >25% in N fertiliser (N3 and N4) did not meet crop N requirements, and because of the reduction in surface coverage, soil erosion was exacerbated, and soil fertility and diversity and complexity of microbial communities decreased. The results elucidated effects of N input on soil erosion and soil microbiomes in a sloped agroecosystem with the aim to rehabilitate or restore degraded land and increase sustainable agriculture development.

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Soil aggregate breakdown in response to wetting rate during the inter-rill and rill stages of erosion in a contour ridge system

Cited by 25 publications

References 41 publications

Soil erosion–runoff relations on cultivated land: Insights from laboratory studies

Soil erosion–runoff relations on cultivated land: Insights from laboratory studies

The impact of tillage row orientation on physical and chemical sediment enrichment

Responses of soil microbiome to nitrogen input on eroded slope farmland in Southwest China

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