Software Design and Experimental Evaluation of a Reduced AES for IoT Applications

Abstract

IoT devices include RFID tags, microprocessors, sensors, readers, and actuators. Their main characteristics are their limited resources and computing capabilities, which pose critical challenges to the reliability and security of their applications. Encryption is necessary for security when using these limited-resource devices, but conventional cryptographic algorithms are too heavyweight and resource-demanding to run on IoT infrastructures. This paper presents a lightweight version of AES (called LAES), which provides competitive results in terms of randomness levels and processing time, operating on GF(24). Detailed mathematical operations and proofs are presented concerning LAES rounds design fundamentals. The proposed LAES algorithm is evaluated based on its randomness, performance, and power consumption; it is then compared to other cryptographic algorithm variants, namely Present, Clefia, and AES. The design of the randomness and performance analysis is based on six measures developed with the help of the NIST test statistical suite of cryptographic applications. The performance and power consumption of LAES on a low-power, 8-bit microcontroller unit were evaluated using an Arduino Uno board. LAES was found to have competitive randomness levels, processing times, and power consumption compared to Present, Clefia, and AES.

An efficient multilevel security architecture for blockchain-based IoT networks using principles of cellular automata

“…The main objective is to identify fast, efficient and lightweight encryption scheme for uploading data to the cloud securely without losing data owner’s privacy. Mostly, IoT devices are deployed in environments where there is no provision to provide continuous power supply ( Qasaimeh, Al-Qassas & Ababneh, 2021 ). Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is a conventional secure symmetric cipher.…”

“…The need for security in IoT systems is depicted in Koduru, Reddy & Padala (2019) . Conventional cryptographic algorithms that are proved to be secure cannot be applied in IoT networks since the devices involved are constrained in terms of computational capabilities and resource constraints ( Qasaimeh, Al-Qassas & Ababneh, 2021 ). Usually, data are uploaded to cloud storage by the gateway devices ( Mrabet et al, 2020 ).…”

FPGA Implementation of High-Performance s-box Model and Bit-level Masking for AES Cryptosystem

“…In last few years the influence of these vulnerable security systems is emerging steadily with the tremendous growth of smart phones and emerging IoT applications [1,8]. Among various crypto core types used wireless and telecommunications systems AES has steadily emerged in recent years for its advantages such as improved security profile and hierarchical key and physical transform configuration [10,12].…”