“…Reliance on LCD technologies has been receiving an increasing interest for applications such as backscatter communications [105]- [108] and sunlight modulation [34], [103], [109], [110]. In [105], [106], bi-directional VLC was realized by backscattering using retro-reflector and modulating via an LCD shutter the LED downlink transmission to facilitate uplink transmission, while [107] varied switching time and polarization to establish a backscatter link using an LCD array. Also, [108] proposed bi-directional backscatter VLC for cases of infrastructure-tovehicle communication.…”