Software-Defined Underwater Acoustic Modems: Historical Review and the NILUS Approach

Dol, Henry; Casari, Paolo; Zwan, Timo van der; Otnes, Roald

doi:10.1109/joe.2016.2598412

Cited by 92 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…To incorporate a realistic underwater acoustic propagation model in the simulation mode, both DESERT and SUNSET include and interface to WOSS, thus allowing them to simulate BELLHOP-based multipath channels. UnetStack [35] is another increasingly popular simulation platform that was developed to streamline the process of UAN protocol development and testing, similarly to DESERT and SUNSET, by enabling the users to port their simulation code onto UnetStack-compatible acoustic modems [1], e.g. the Subnero modems [47].…”

Section: State-of-the-art In Underwater Acoustic Channel Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where k ∈ [1,2] is the exponent that describes the propagation geometry (equivalent to the pathloss exponent in terrestrial RF propagation models [59]). Setting k = 1 describes cylindrical spreading, where water depth is significantly smaller than the horizontal communication range, whereas k = 2 describes spherical spreading and is equivalent to the free space path loss in terrestrial radio systems.…”

Section: Spreading and Absorption Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Channel Modeling for Underwater Acoustic Network Simulation

Morozs¹,

Gorma²,

Henson³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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This manuscript was submitted to IEEE Access on 12 Jun 2020.<div><br></div><div>Abstract:</div><div><br></div><div>Simulation forms an important part of the development and empirical evaluation of underwater acoustic network (UAN) protocols. The key feature of a credible network simulation model is a realistic channel model. A common approach to simulating realistic underwater acoustic (UWA) channels is by using specialised beam tracing software such as BELLHOP. However, BELLHOP and similar modeling software typically require knowledge of ocean acoustics and a substantial programming effort from UAN protocol designers to integrate it into their research. In this paper, we bridge the gap between low level channel modeling via beam tracing and automated channel modeling, e.g. via the World Ocean Simulation System (WOSS), by providing a distilled UWA channel modeling tutorial from the network protocol design point of view. The tutorial is accompanied by our MATLAB simulation code that interfaces with BELLHOP to produce channel data for UAN simulations. As part of the tutorial, we describe two methods of incorporating such channel data into network simulations, including a case study for each of them: 1) directly importing the data as a look-up table, 2) using the data to create a statistical channel model. The primary aim of this paper is to provide a useful learning resource and modeling tool for UAN protocol researchers. Initial insights into the UAN protocol design and performance provided by the statistical channel modeling approach presented in this paper demonstrate its potential as a powerful modeling tool for future UAN research.<br></div>

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Section: State-of-the-art In Underwater Acoustic Channel Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Spreading and Absorption Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

Channel Modeling for Underwater Acoustic Network Simulation

Morozs¹,

Gorma²,

Henson³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…The SDR approach has been adopted by a number of underwater acoustic modem projects. Dol et al authored a survey of projects . For example, the modem of Borowski and Duchamp does four‐tone frequency‐shift keying (4‐FSK) and frequency division multiplexing (FDM).…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuning the demodulation frequency based on a normalized trajectory model for mobile underwater acoustic communications

Ahmad

Barbeau

García-Alfaro

et al. 2019

Trans Emerging Tel Tech

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We have developed a demodulator for low data rate, asynchronous frame, and narrow bandwidth underwater acoustic communication. We aim at operation under harsh conditions, ie, low signal-to-noise ratio, and across long distances.In this paper, we pay a special attention to the efficiency of mobility support.Mobility results into the Doppler effect, which, for a demodulator, makes the carrier frequency drift arbitrarily during attempts to decode frames. The chances of success are better when the demodulator can tune into the drifted carrier frequency. This can be achieved by trying a range of possible drifted carriers. We introduce the novel idea of normalized trajectory. Each normalized trajectory produces a unique Doppler shift pattern that can be applied to tune into a drifted carrier. We demonstrate that this improvement is theoretically sound. From a practical point of view, the search space is potentially reduced. The actual gain in performance is application-specific and depends on the actual sets of trajectory parameters that are considered. We introduce the concept of normalized trajectory, discuss its integration into the demodulator, and review the performance of the new design.Trans Emerging Tel Tech. 2019;30:e3712.wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/ett

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“…In wireless underwater communication, various modulation techniques are used, mainly frequency and phase modulation of the carrier wave [4][5][6][7][8]. They are used in both single-carrier and multi-carrier systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Fast Frequency Hopping Technique to Improve Reliability of Underwater Communication System

Schmidt¹

2020

Applied Sciences

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Acoustic underwater communication systems designed to work reliably in shallow coastal waters must overcome major limitations such as multipath propagation and the Doppler effect. These restrictions are the reason for the complexity of receivers being built, whose task is to decode a symbol on the basis of the received signal. Additional complications are caused by the low propagation speed of the acoustic wave in the water and the relatively narrow bandwidth. Despite the continuous development of communication systems using coherent modulations, they are still not as reliable as is desirable for reliable data transmission applications. This article presents an acoustic underwater communication system that uses one of the varieties of the spread spectrum technique i.e., the fast frequency hopping technique (FFH). This technique takes advantage of binary frequency-shift keying (BFSK) with an incoherent detection method to ensure the implementation of a system whose main priority is reliable data transmission and secondary priority is the transmission rate. The compromised choice of parameters consisted of the selection between the narrow band of the hydroacoustic transducer and the maximum number of carrier frequency hops, which results from the need to take into account the effects of the Doppler effect. In turn, the number of hops and the symbol duration were selected adequately for the occurrence of multipath propagations of an acoustic wave. In addition, this article describes experimental communication tests carried out using a laboratory model of the FFH-BFSK data transmission system in the shallow water environment of Lake Wdzydze/Poland. The test results obtained for three channels of different lengths are discussed.

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Software-Defined Underwater Acoustic Modems: Historical Review and the NILUS Approach

Cited by 92 publications

References 57 publications

Channel Modeling for Underwater Acoustic Network Simulation

Channel Modeling for Underwater Acoustic Network Simulation

Tuning the demodulation frequency based on a normalized trajectory model for mobile underwater acoustic communications

Using Fast Frequency Hopping Technique to Improve Reliability of Underwater Communication System

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