Soft Tissue Sarcomas: Epidemiological, Clinical and Therapeutic Aspects

Abstract

Soft-tissue sarcomas (STS) are a rare, and comprise a relatively heterogeneous group of malignant tumors arising from mesenchymal tissue. STS can affect any age group. In order to provide patients suffering from STS, with a functional extremity without local tumor relapse, treatment decisions must involve a multidisciplinary team decision-making approach. We conducted a retrospective, descriptive study, of 43 cases of soft tissue sarcoma, collected between January 2013 and December 2018, in the department of Radiation-Oncology of the Oncology and hematology hospital of Mohammed VI University Teaching Hospital. With this study we aimed to report the epidemiological, clinical, histological, therapeutic and evolutionary characteristics of soft tissue sarcomas in the Radiation-Oncology department, and to define the factors influencing patient survival in order to improve the quality of care. The items collected were: epidemiological, clinical, histological, radiological, and therapeutic. Univariate and then multivariate analyzes were performed looking for factors influencing 2-year survival. During the study period, we collected 43 cases, 22 Men and 21 Women, the average age was 45.23 years (Extreme = 11-78 years). The tumor was deep in 73% percent of the cases, and the lower limbs were the most affected (65%) especially in the thigh. The predominant histological type was Liposarcoma in 16 cases (37.20%). The tumor stage was localized in 35 cases (81.39%), metastatic in 8 cases (18.60%). Thirty-five tumors were treated with surgery, including 31 cases (88.57%) of conservative surgery and 4 cases (11.42%) of radical surgery. Radiotherapy was performed in 33 patients, and chemotherapy in 24 patients. Follow-up monitoring has detected 5 cases (28%) of local recurrence, and 13 other cases (72%) of distant metastases. In univariate analysis the prognostic factors were age (p = 0.03) and tumor stage (p = 0.09). In our study, radiation therapy is an integral part of the ......