Soft synthesis of potassium co-doped Al–ZnO nanocomposites: a comprehensive study on their visible-light driven photocatalytic activity on dye degradation
Abstract:The present work reports on the, first of its kind, synthesis of potassium codoped aluminum-doped ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) through thermo-sol gelation process. The co-doping of K on Al-ZnO NPs is found having a significant influence on the band gap narrowing of ZnO, to an extent that the entire light absorption is shifted towards the visible-light spectrum. The synthesized NPs are characterized using, XRD, TEM, SEM, EDX, UV-Vis-DRS, BET surface area analysis, TG/DTA, PL, and ICP-OES. The band gap energy levels … Show more
“…As a result of their investigation, the optimum amount of H 2 O 2 (45 mg l −1 ) helps to improve the degradation performances and also adding more amounts of H 2 O 2 decreases the degradation rate. Thejaswini et al [177] synthesised potassium co-doped aluminium-doped ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) through a thermo-sol gelation process. The co-doping of K on Al-ZnO NPs was found to have a significant influence on the bandgap narrowing of ZnO, to an extent that the entire light absorption was shifted towards the visible-light spectrum.…”
Zinc oxide (ZnO) is an adaptable material that has distinctive properties, such as high-sensitivity, large specific area, non-toxicity, good compatibility and a high isoelectric point, which favours it to be considered with a few exceptions. It is the most desirable group of nanostructure as far as both structure and properties. The unique and tuneable properties of nanostructured ZnO shows excellent stability in chemically as well as thermally stable n-type semiconducting material with wide applications such as in luminescent material, supercapacitors, battery, solar cells, photocatalysis, biosensors, biomedical and biological applications in the form of bulk crystal, thin film and pellets. The nanosized materials exhibit higher dissolution rates as well as higher solubility when compared to the bulk materials. This review significantly focused on the current improvement in ZnO-based nanomaterials/composites/doped materials for the application in the field of energy storage and conversion devices and biological applications. Special deliberation has been paid on supercapacitors, Li-ion batteries, dye-sensitized solar cells, photocatalysis, biosensors, biomedical and biological applications. Finally, the benefits of ZnO-based materials for the utilizations in the field of energy and biological sciences are moreover consistently analysed.
“…As a result of their investigation, the optimum amount of H 2 O 2 (45 mg l −1 ) helps to improve the degradation performances and also adding more amounts of H 2 O 2 decreases the degradation rate. Thejaswini et al [177] synthesised potassium co-doped aluminium-doped ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) through a thermo-sol gelation process. The co-doping of K on Al-ZnO NPs was found to have a significant influence on the bandgap narrowing of ZnO, to an extent that the entire light absorption was shifted towards the visible-light spectrum.…”
Zinc oxide (ZnO) is an adaptable material that has distinctive properties, such as high-sensitivity, large specific area, non-toxicity, good compatibility and a high isoelectric point, which favours it to be considered with a few exceptions. It is the most desirable group of nanostructure as far as both structure and properties. The unique and tuneable properties of nanostructured ZnO shows excellent stability in chemically as well as thermally stable n-type semiconducting material with wide applications such as in luminescent material, supercapacitors, battery, solar cells, photocatalysis, biosensors, biomedical and biological applications in the form of bulk crystal, thin film and pellets. The nanosized materials exhibit higher dissolution rates as well as higher solubility when compared to the bulk materials. This review significantly focused on the current improvement in ZnO-based nanomaterials/composites/doped materials for the application in the field of energy storage and conversion devices and biological applications. Special deliberation has been paid on supercapacitors, Li-ion batteries, dye-sensitized solar cells, photocatalysis, biosensors, biomedical and biological applications. Finally, the benefits of ZnO-based materials for the utilizations in the field of energy and biological sciences are moreover consistently analysed.
“…Previous studies report an increase in the Eg values of aluminum-doped ZnO due to the generation of free carriers that accumulate in the conduction band, causing an increase in the optical band gap (Burstein-Moss effect) [ 19 ]. A different study reports the red shift in the absorption properties of AZO NMs due to the formation of new energy levels within the ZnO band gap [ 38 ]. Fig.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Previous studies report the analysis of AZO NMs by XPS. The deconvoluted Al 3+ peak consists of two peaks; one of them corresponds to the presence of Al 3+ in the ZnO matrix (74.2 eV); the other is due to AlO(OH) species (76.8 eV) [ 38 ]. Yoo et al studied the physicochemical and sensing properties of AZO NMs.…”
Bare and doped zinc oxide nanomaterials (ZnO NMs) are of great interest as multifunctional platforms for biomedical applications. In this study, we systematically investigate the physicochemical properties of Aluminum doped ZnO (AZO) and its bio-interactions with neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) and red blood (RBCs) cells. We provide a comprehensive chemical and structural characterization of the NMs. We also evaluated the biocompatibility of AZO NMs using traditional toxicity assays and advanced microscopy techniques. The toxicity of AZO NMs towards SH-SY5Y cells, decreases as a function of Al doping but is higher than the toxicity of ZnO NMs. Our results show that N-acetyl cysteine protects SH-SY5Y cells against reactive oxygen species toxicity induced by AZO NMs. ZnO and AZO NMs do not exert hemolysis in human RBCs at the doses that cause toxicity (IC50) in neuroblastoma cells. The Atomic force microscopy qualitative analysis of the interaction of SH-SY5Y cells with AZO NMs shows evidence that the affinity of the materials with the cells results in morphology changes and diminished interactions between neighboring cells. The holotomographic microscopy analysis demonstrates NMs' internalization in SH-SY5Y cells, changes in their chemical composition, and the role of lipid droplets in the clearance of toxicants.
Graphical Abstract
“…Analyzing the available literature data, in the work of Barahuie and coworkers (Barahuie et al, 2014), scientists conducted a study of the porous structure reaching the BET surface area parameter equal to 6.0 m 2 /g, BJH pore volume -0.03 cm 3 /g and BJH average diameter parameter equal to 4.0 nm. In turn, Thejaswini and colleagues (Thejaswini et al, 2016) analyzed the parameters of the porous structure of zinc oxide and obtained a BET surface area of 13.5 m 2 /g, a pore volume of 0.06 cm 2 /g and a micropore radius of 1.22 nm. Similar parameters were achieved by Ama and Arotiba (Ama and Arotiba, 2017) using a synthesized zinc oxide.…”
Section: Physicochemical and Dispersive Properties Of Zinc Oxidesmentioning
There is an increasing trend in the modern construction industry to use nanomaterials, which allow to improve the performance of construction materials on the one hand, and to shape new properties on the other. This study presents the results of physicomechanical and antibacterial tests for cement composites modified with zinc nanooxide. The main aim of this study was to compare the structural and morphological properties of three selected commercial zinc nanooxides and to determine the influence of the above mentioned nanooxides on the physicomechanical properties of cement composites and the ability to inhibit the activity of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria as well as fungi. It was shown that commercial nanooxides can significantly differ in terms of physicochemical properties, which depend on their production method. Two of them were characterized by high specific surface areas, which in turn translated into rheological properties of cement mortars. Nanooxides with higher specific surface areas tend to reduce the plasticity of the mortars. According to the literature data, all nanooxides caused a delay in cement binder setting by more than 100%. This resulted in a reduction of the early one-day flexural and compressive strength of the composite. In the later curing period, especially after 7 days of hardening, a significant acceleration of the hydration process was observed in composites with the addition of all nanooxides, which was confirmed by significant increases in mechanical parameters. Nevertheless, the tested nanooxides showed different sensitivity towards microorganisms, which was influenced by both the type of nanooxide and bacteria.
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