Soft porous silicone rubbers with ultra-low sound speeds in acoustic metamaterials

Ba, Abdoulaye; Коваленко, А. А.; Aristégui, Christophe; Mondain‐Monval, Olivier; Brunet, Thomas

doi:10.1038/srep40106

Cited by 59 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This study is inspired by observations on porous polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomers recently reported in Refs. 33, 36, and 37. Unlike “conventional” polymer foams (that reveal a rather weak decrease in the longitudinal sound speed c L with porosity), experimental data on porous silicone rubbers prepared by means of the emulsion‐templating method show a strong (by an order of magnitude) reduction in c L when ϕ equals 10% only, and practically constant c L values at higher porosities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Longitudinal sound speed v Lc and Poisson's ratio ν c versus porosity ϕ. Circles: experimental data on emulsion‐templated PDMS elastomers. Solid lines: results of simulation with E m = 40.0 MPa, ν m = 0.499 and R 2 = 12.5.…”

Section: Comparison With Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experimental data in Figure and Figure (a) were obtained on photopolymerized specimens prepared by means of the following procedure . First, silicone monomers (Silcolease UV‐POLY200) were mixed with a catalyzer (iodonium borate), a photoinitiator (isopropylthioxanthone), and a surfactant (PEO‐block‐PDMS Silube J208‐812).…”

Section: Comparison With Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experimental data in Figure (b) were obtained on thermally polymerized specimens . First, two silicone monomers (Bluesil FLD 621V1500 and Bluesil FLD 626V30H2.5) were mixed with the surfactant, a platinum catalyzer, and a polymerization retardant (1‐ethynyl‐1‐cyclohexanol).…”

Section: Comparison With Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the contrary, to describe experimental data reported in Refs. 33, 36, and 37, the aspect ratio of cavities should be considered as a function of porosity. This ratio is small at low ϕ (due to strong shear deformation of water droplets under polymerization), grows with ϕ, and reaches unity (spherical voids) in highly porous elastomers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of porosity on elastic moduli of polymer foams

Drozdov¹,

Christiansen²

2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Constitutive equations are reported for the effect of porosity on the elastic moduli and longitudinal sound speed of polymer foams. These relations are grounded on the asymptotic homogenization method combined with the integration embedding scheme. Observations are analyzed on open-cell and closed-cell porous polymers manufactured by (1) foaming with chemical blowing agents, (2) foaming with inert gases, and (3) emulsion-templating foaming. Numerical analysis of experimental data shows that changes in the elastic moduli with porosity are correctly predicted by the governing relations for foams with spherical voids. Porous polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomers prepared by the emulsion-templating method provide an exception from this rule. The difference between these materials and the other cellular polymers is caused by production of hydrogen gas under curing, which induces severe deformation of pores. Simulation reveals that experimental data on cellular PDMS elastomers are described by the differential equations for foams with spheroidal voids whose aspect ratio depends on porosity. INTRODUCTIONThe elastic response of polymer foams has attracted substantial attention, because these materials demonstrate excellent material properties (ease of processing, low production cost, high specific strength and energy adsorption, good chemical resistance, low density, dielectric constants, and thermal conductivity). Applications of polymer foams range from (1) composite core materials for sports equipment, interior panels in aircrafts and boats, 1 and automotive seat cushion constructions 2 to (2) materials for thermal isolation 3 and acoustic absorption, 4 to (3) porous template materials for purification of wastewater, 5 as well as filtration, gas sorption, catalysis, and separation, 6 to (4) drug delivery and protein encapsulation, 7 to (5) tissue scaffolds for growth of cells and artificial organs, 8 to (6) materials for endovascular procedures 9 and measurement of brain activity, 10 to (7) flexible and stretchable pressure 11 and temperature 12 sensors, to (8) lightweight devices for electromagnetic interference shielding, 13 to (9) porous electrodes for solid oxide fuel cells, 14 to (10) ferroelectrets for energy harvesting from vibration. 15

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Comparison With Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison With Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison With Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of porosity on elastic moduli of polymer foams

Drozdov¹,

Christiansen²

2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Controlled In Situ Foaming for Mechanical Responsiveness of Architected Foams

Golobic,

Bryson,

Weisgraber

et al. 2023

Adv Eng Mater

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Addition of chemical blowing agents to polysiloxane resins produces foams with closed‐cell morphology. Combining this chemistry with the 3D‐printing technique Direct Ink Writing (DIW) permits the creation of architected foams with controllable, hierarchical tiers of porosity. Using a two‐component foaming ink, the extent of foaming can be controlled by incorporating an active mixing printhead as part of the fabrication process. Changes in the mixing speed allows for in‐situ control of the foaming reaction where the mixing speed is directly correlated with the resulting foaming that occurs upon extrusion. These architected foams display tunable mechanical responses, porosities, and open‐to‐closed cell ratios. While chemically blown polysiloxane foam is a well‐established material, utilizing DIW as fabrication technique presents a novel approach for creating tailored, architected foams that require minimal post‐processing.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Soft Functionally Gradient Materials and Structures – Natural and Manmade: A Review

Pragya

Ghosh

2023

Advanced Materials

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Functionally gradient materials (FGM) have gradual variations in their properties along one or more dimensions due to local compositional or structural distinctions by design. Traditionally, hard materials (e.g., metals, ceramics) have been used to design and fabricate FGMs; however, there has been increasing interest in polymer‐based soft and compliant FGMs mainly because of their potential application in the human environment. Soft FGMs are not only ideally suitable to manage interfacial problems in dissimilar materials used in many emerging devices and systems for human interaction, such as soft robotics and electronic textiles and beyond. Soft systems are ubiquitous in our everyday lives; they are resilient and can easily deform, absorb energy and adapt to changing environments. Here, we discuss the basic design and functional principles of biological FGMs and their manmade counterparts using representative examples. The remarkable multifunctional properties of natural FGMs resulting from their sophisticated hierarchical structures, built from a relatively limited choice of materials, offer a rich source of new design paradigms and manufacturing strategies for manmade materials and systems for emerging technological needs. Finally, we highlight the challenges and potential pathways to leverage soft materials' facile processability and unique properties to wards functional FGMs.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Soft porous silicone rubbers with ultra-low sound speeds in acoustic metamaterials

Cited by 59 publications

References 27 publications

The effect of porosity on elastic moduli of polymer foams

The effect of porosity on elastic moduli of polymer foams

Controlled In Situ Foaming for Mechanical Responsiveness of Architected Foams

Soft Functionally Gradient Materials and Structures – Natural and Manmade: A Review

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