Soft interface design for electrokinetic energy conversion

Zhang, Jian; Zhan, Kan; Wang, Shuli; Hou, Xu

doi:10.1039/c9sm02506e

Cited by 37 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 111 publications

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“…Nanoporous membranes are central to sensing, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] water desalination and filtration, [9][10][11][12][13][14] and osmotic power generation. [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] In most processes, the membrane separates two compartments ion trajectories without affecting the bulk material. The softetched membranes allow the passage of ions whose size is smaller than the channel diameter, excluding larger molecules.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nanoporous membranes are central to sensing, [ 1–8 ] water desalination and filtration, [ 9–14 ] and osmotic power generation. [ 15–23 ] In most processes, the membrane separates two compartments filled with electrolyte solutions and the transport of molecules or ions through the pores provides the relevant information required for each particular application. This transport is regulated by the channel size and the physico‐chemical characteristics of the channel surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Size‐Based Cationic Molecular Sieving through Solid‐State Nanochannels

Ali

Nasir

Froehlich

et al. 2021

Adv Materials Inter

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filled with electrolyte solutions and the transport of molecules or ions through the pores provides the relevant information required for each particular application. This transport is regulated by the channel size and the physico-chemical characteristics of the channel surface. In biological membranes, the high selectivity and fast ion transport achieved are also ascribed to the precise channel size and functional groups distributed along the channel surface. [24-26] A wide range of experimental techniques are available to tune the channel diameter and surface chemistry to enhance ionic selectivity. They include the preparation of hybrid biological/artificial solid-state membranes, [27,28] channel size tuning through electroless [12,29,30] and atomic layer [31-33] depositions, the grafting of polymer brushes on the channel surface, [34-38] and the deposition of an atomically thin graphene layer on the porous membrane. [39,40] Molecular filtration and discrimination have been achieved using different membranes. For example, Martin and co-workers have employed gold-coated nanochannels for the separation of organic molecules and drug enantiomers based on their charge or molecular size. [12,29,30] Stroeve et al. have demonstrated the pH-responsive transport of ions and biomolecules [41] and Savariar et al. the molecular size-, charge-, and hydrophobicity-based discrimination of organic molecules and proteins [14] using modified nanoporous membranes. Recently, polymer membranes with subnanometer pores have been obtained without specific chemical treatments. For example, track-UV techniques have been employed to fabricate subnanopores which exhibited highly selective and ultrafast ion sieving behavior. [42,43] Moreover, subnanometer pores in metal-organic frameworks integrated inside the bullet-shaped nanochannels of a polymer membrane also exhibited high selectivity towards alkali cations while rejecting divalent ions. [44,45] Recently, we have developed a soft-etch technique to obtain nanochannels in polyimide (PI) membranes irradiated with heavy ions. [46] PI exhibits high chemical, electrical, and heat resistance. Therefore, the chemical etching of ion tracks in PI membranes requires harsh conditions. Usually, the ion tracks in PI are etched with a strong inorganic etchant (chlorine in hypochlorite) at high temperature. Contrary to chemical etching, in a soft-etching technique, the ion tracked PI membranes are exposed to an organic solvent which selectively dissolves the damage trails (latent tracks) caused by the energetic The molecular sieving behavior of soft-etched polyimide membranes having negatively charged nanochannels is described experimentally and theoretically using alkali metal-crown ether cationic complexes and alkylammonium cations. To this end, the electrical conduction and current rectification obtained with different alkali electrolyte solutions (LiCl, NaCl, and KCl) and crown ether molecules (12-crown-4, 15-crown-5, and 18-crown-6) are studied. The results suggest that only the [Li(12C4)] + comp...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size‐Based Cationic Molecular Sieving through Solid‐State Nanochannels

Ali

Nasir

Froehlich

et al. 2021

Adv Materials Inter

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“…The miraculous ecosystem provides endless inspirations for technological development [107][108][109][110] . Inspired by the shape-morphing locomotion of living organisms, the bionic actuators based on magnetoresponsive composite elastomers which can deform and motion in response to the external magnetic field have been developed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building Magnetoresponsive Composite Elastomers for Bionic Locomotion Applications

Sheng

Zhang

et al. 2020

J Bionic Eng

Self Cite

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The ability of natural living organisms, transferring deformations into locomotion, has attracted researchers’ increasing attention in building bionic actuators and smart systems. As a typical category of functional materials, magnetoresponsive composite elastomers, comprised of flexible elastomer matrices and rigid magnetic particles, have been playing critical roles in this field of research due to their dynamic changes in response to applied magnetic field direction and intensity. The magnetically driven bionic actuators based on magnetoresponsive composite elastomers have been developed to achieve some specific functions in some special fields. For instance, under the control of the applied magnetic field, the bionic actuators can not only generate time-varying deformation, but also motion in diverse environments, suggesting new possibilities for target gripping and directional transporting especially in the field of artificial soft robots and biological engineering. Therefore, this review comprehensively introduces the component, fabrication, and bionic locomotion application of magnetoresponsive composite elastomers. Moreover, existing challenges and future perspectives are further discussed.

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“…depends on the study of the meticulous structure optimization of nanofluid mechanics, surface chemical modification, interface slip and other surveys attributed to the construction of a fluid transport accurate control of the core of the essential circumstances which led to the break through the traditional solid-liquid interface under the limit of the bottleneck of low conversion efficiency and power output [230,231].…”

Section: Reviewsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioinspired nanochannels based on polymeric membranes

Wang

et al. 2021

Sci. China Mater.

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Bio-nanochannels in living organisms participate in the physiological activities by selectively transporting ions through cell membranes. The structure and function of biological ion channels inspire the development of artificial ion nanochannels with practical applications. The bioinspired nanochannels based on polymer materials present good mechanical stability, high-performance ion transport and designability, which have attracted much attention. In this review, we mainly focus on the fabrication and application of polymer-based biomimetic nanochannels especially in environmentally responsive biosensor and energy conversion. We firstly introduce the basic understanding of nanochannels in ion regulation and osmotic energy conversion. Then, we discuss the fabrication methods of polymer-based nanochannels and highlight their advantages compared with other materials. The practical applications of polymer-based biomimetic nanochannels, especially in energy conversion and environmentally responsive biosensor, are detailedly discussed. Finally, we summarize the unsolved problems in bioinspired nanochannels and overview the further developing direction in this field.

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Soft interface design for electrokinetic energy conversion

Abstract: This article reviews the development of the design of soft interfaces in electrokinetic energy conversion and their applications.

Cited by 37 publications

References 111 publications

Size‐Based Cationic Molecular Sieving through Solid‐State Nanochannels

Size‐Based Cationic Molecular Sieving through Solid‐State Nanochannels

Building Magnetoresponsive Composite Elastomers for Bionic Locomotion Applications

Bioinspired nanochannels based on polymeric membranes

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