Soft hybrid elastomers containing polymer grafted nanoparticles

Sevening, Jensen N.; Dottin, Siyana; Torres, Vincent M.; Hickey, Robert J.

doi:10.1016/j.giant.2022.100133

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…This result is also supported by DLS data (Figure S5). Compared with nanoparticles in other literature, the size of nanoclusters is small enough and their distribution is narrow. , Therefore, it can uniformly disperse in polyurea to endow the polyurea with excellent mechanical properties without agglomeration. The successful synthesis of the prepolymer was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy (Figure d) and 1 H NMR spectroscopy (Figure S6).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Performance Polyurea Improved by Reactive Nanocluster for Antibiofouling

Wang,

Zhang,

Xie

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Polyurea has found applications in protective coatings. Yet, the too fast polymerization and lack of functions limit its application. Herein, we report a highperformance polyurea via the stepwise polymerization of an isocyanate (NCO)-terminated prepolymer consisting of poly(propylene glycol)-block-poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly-(propylene glycol) (PPG-b-PEG-b-PPG) with a nanocluster synthesized via the hydrolysis of N-phenylaminomethyltriethoxysilane. Such a nanocluster contains low-reactivity secondary amines, so the polymerization of polyurea can be slowed down (over 1 h), which improves its wetting and adhesion to a substrate. The residual silanol groups on the nanocluster further increase the adhesion. Such polyurea exhibits high adhesion on various substrates, including glass, ceramic, steel, copper, titanium, wood, and natural rubber (∼2.35−14.64 MPa). Besides, the nanoclusters can cross-link the prepolymer into a tough network, endowing the polyurea with a high mechanical strength of ∼25 MPa, much higher than the traditional polyaspartic ester polyurea. On the other hand, the PEG segments enable the polyurea to have good fouling resistance against proteins (fibrinogen absorption was reduced by over 90%), bacteria (RBA of S. aureusE. coli and Pseudomonas sp. was less than 10%), as well as diatom (diatom density was less than 100 cells/mm 2 ). The polyurea is expected to find applications in biomedical engineering and marine antifouling.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Performance Polyurea Improved by Reactive Nanocluster for Antibiofouling

Wang,

Zhang,

Xie

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Therefore, with the right nanoparticle surface functionalization and/or reaction mixture composition (i.e., minimizing the enthalpic penalty), many nanoparticles will disperse within the monomer reaction mixture . Numerous different nanoparticles such as carbon, , SiO 2 , , TiO 2 , ZnO, ZrO 2 , and Au have been incorporated within polymer matrices through the described polymerization method, but most of the reports have focused on synthesizing the materials without exploring how the polymerization impacted nanoparticle distribution.…”

Section: Multiscale Polymer Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(i) Reversible deformation of prepared polymer nanocomposites containing 5 wt % PNBE PGNs showing minimal to no hysteresis up to 50% strain. Panels e–i reproduced with permission from ref . Copyright 2022 The Authors.…”

Section: Multiscale Polymer Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our group recently adapted the allylic radical polymer grafting procedure initially used to form amorphous, glassy polymer nanocomposites to synthesize soft hybrid elastomers (Figure 5e). 50 In the reported article, poly(norbornene) (PNBE) grafted silica nanoparticles were prepared using SI-ROMP, similar to the PCOD PGNs, and blended with lauryl methacrylate, crosslinker, and BPO (Figure 5e). The PNBE PGNs become trapped in the cross-linked polymer matrix during the progression of the polymerization.…”

Section: ■ Multiscale Polymer Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Controlling Polymer Material Structure during Reaction-Induced Phase Transitions

Hickey

2023

Acc. Mater. Res.

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Metrics & MoreArticle Recommendations CONSPECTUS: Living systems are composed of a select number of biopolymers and minerals yet exhibit an immense diversity in materials properties. The wide-ranging characteristics, such as enhanced mechanical properties of skin and bone or responsive optical properties derived from structural coloration, are a result of the multiscale, hierarchical structure of the materials. The fields of materials and polymer chemistry have leveraged equilibrium concepts in an effort to mimic the structure of complex materials seen in nature. However, realizing the remarkable properties in natural systems requires moving beyond an equilibrium perspective. An alternative method to create materials with multiscale structures is to approach the issue from a kinetic perspective and utilize chemical processes to drive phase transitions. This Account features an active area of research in our group, reactioninduced phase transitions (RIPT), which use chemical reactions such as polymerizations to induce structural changes in soft material systems. Depending on the type of phase transition (e.g., microphase versus macrophase separation), the resulting change in state will occur at different length scales (e.g., nm−μm), thus dictating the structure of the material. For example, the in situ formation of either a block copolymer or a homopolymer initially in a monomer mixture during polymerization will drive nanoscale or macroscale transitions, respectively. Specifically, three different examples utilizing reaction-driven phase changes will be discussed: 1) in situ polymer grafting from block copolymers, 2) multiscale polymer nanocomposites, and 3) Lewis adduct-driven phase transitions. All three areas highlight how chemical changes via polymerizations or specific chemical binding result in phase transitions that lead to nano-and multiscale changes.Harnessing kinetic chemical processes to promote and control material structure, as opposed to organizing presynthesized molecules, polymers, or nanoparticles within a thermodynamic framework, is a growing area of interest. Trapping nonequilibrium states in polymer materials has been primarily focused from a polymer chain conformation viewpoint, in which synthesized polymers are subjected to different thermal and processing conditions. The impact of reaction kinetics and polymerization rate on final polymer material structure is starting to be recognized as a new way to access different morphologies not available through thermodynamic means. Furthermore, kinetic control of polymer material structure is not specific to polymerizations and encompasses any chemical reaction that induces morphology transitions. Kinetically driven processes to dictate material structure directly impact a broad range of areas, including separation membranes, biomolecular condensates, cell mobility, and the selfassembly of polymers and colloids. Advancing polymer material syntheses using kinetic principles such as RIPT opens new possibilities for dictating material structure and pro...

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