Soft gold nanowire sponges for strain-insensitive conductors, wearable energy storage and catalytic converters

Lin, Fenge; Wang, Kaixuan; An, Tiance; Zhu, Bowen; Ling, Yunzhi; Gong, Shuping; Liu, Siyuan; Cheng, Wenlong

doi:10.1039/d1tc04080d

Cited by 10 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The field of electronics has recently found emerging applications from soft, flexible, and stretchable electronics rather than from conventional rigid electronics. These applications involve soft robots, [1] biomedical sensors, [2] wearable devices, [3] epidermal electronics devices, [4] and stretchable energy devices [5] that can be compliant with curvy surfaces and even with living species, unlike conventional electronics. Promising advances have been accompanied by breakthroughs in materials for stretchable conductors like solid metallic nanomaterial and liquid metal (LM).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monolithically Programmed Stretchable Conductor by Laser‐Induced Entanglement of Liquid Metal and Metallic Nanowire Backbone

Cho

Shin

Kim

et al. 2022

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Owing to its low mechanical compliance, liquid metal is intrinsically suitable for stretchable electronics and future wearable devices. However, its invariable strain‐resistance behavior according to the strain‐induced geometrical deformation and the difficulty of circuit patterning limit the extensive use of liquid metal, especially for strain‐insensitive wiring purposes. To overcome these limitations, herein, novel liquid‐metal‐based electrodes of fragmented eutectic gallium‐indium alloy (EGaIn) and Ag nanowire (NW) backbone of which their entanglement is controlled by the laser‐induced photothermal reaction to enable immediate and direct patterning of the stretchable electrode with spatially programmed strain‐resistance characteristics are developed. The coexistence of fragmented EGaIn and AgNW backbone, that is, a biphasic metallic composite (BMC), primarily supports the uniform and durable formation of target layers on stretchable substrates. The laser‐induced photothermal reaction not only promotes the adhesion between the BMC layer and substrates but also alters the structure of laser‐irradiated BMC. By controlling the degree of entanglement between fragmented EGaIn and AgNW, the initial conductivity and local gauge factor are regulated and the electrode becomes effectively insensitive to applied strain. As the configuration developed in this study is compatible with both regimes of electrodes, it can open new routes for the rapid creation of complex stretchable circuitry through a single process.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monolithically Programmed Stretchable Conductor by Laser‐Induced Entanglement of Liquid Metal and Metallic Nanowire Backbone

Cho

Shin

Kim

et al. 2022

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“…(f) Bionic inspiration for the helical structure inside the fiber (loofah whiskers). (g) Comparison of the quality factor for this work with data in literature studies. ,,− …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Template-Free and Stretchable Conductive Fiber with a Built-In Helical Structure for Strain-Insensitive Signal Transmission

Liu,

Tang,

Guo

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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With the rapid development of intelligent electronic devices, conductive fibers have become very critical to signal transmission devices. However, metal-based rigid conductive wires, such as high-modulus copper and silver wires, are prone to signal failure owing to tensile breakage under large strain conditions. Therefore, strain-insensitive stretchable conductive fibers for signal transmission are critical for next-generation wearable devices. Herein, a stretchable conductive fiber with a built-in helical structure is constructed by a "speed discrepancy" fiber-coating strategy with mass scalable production (60 cm/min). Such a "speed discrepancy" strategy is the key mechanism to template-free fabricate a built-in helical structure of the stretchable conductive fiber. The resultant fiber exhibits high conductivity (873 S/cm), stable insensitive signal transmission with a high quality factor (47.4), and a low relative resistance change (∼6%) under large strain. The built-in helical structure inspired by loofah whiskers endows the fiber with excellent strain insensitivity, and it can withstand large strains. On the proof of concept, our fiber can be seamlessly knitted, woven, and braided into smart textiles as an ideal signal transmission device under large strains, which will undoubtedly promote the development of intelligent electronic textiles and next-generation wearable devices.

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Section: Fabrication Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This led to spontaneous growth of enokitake‐like vertically aligned gold nanowires (v‐AuNWs) perpendicular to the sponge skeleton surfaces. [ 58 ] These v‐AuNWs were conformally and uniformly coated throughout sponges with good adhesion.…”

Section: Fabrication Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Sponge Electrodes for Soft Wearable Bioelectronics

Lin,

Cheng

2023

Adv Elect Materials

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By definition, a sponge refers to a soft and porous material, which is typically made from cellulose or synthetic polymers. Structurally, it is 3D offering a high surface‐to‐volume ratio; mechanically, it is elastic and durable; economically, it is inexpensive and can be produced at industrial scales. These attributes promote a strong research interest in exploring 3D sponges for applications in absorption, separation, catalysis, and electronics. This work is dedicated to the discussion of the recent progress in design of mechanically deformable sponge electrodes for their application in soft electronics. First, the characteristics and advantages of sponge electrodes are described, which is followed by the discussion of various active materials for fabricating 3D sponge electrodes, including carbon, metal, conductive polymers, MXenes, and their hybrids. Then, the viable fabrication methodologies are reviewed by comparing their advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, the applications of 3D conductive sponges in stretchable conductors, sensors, energy storage devices, and integrated systems are discussed. Finally, the challenges and opportunities in future sponge‐based soft electronics are covered.

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Soft gold nanowire sponges for strain-insensitive conductors, wearable energy storage and catalytic converters

Abstract: Electronics is evolving from rigid, flexible to ultimate stretchable electronics in which active optoelectronic materials are required to deposit onto or embedded into elastomeric materials. We have recently demonstrated a...

Cited by 10 publications

References 33 publications

Monolithically Programmed Stretchable Conductor by Laser‐Induced Entanglement of Liquid Metal and Metallic Nanowire Backbone

Monolithically Programmed Stretchable Conductor by Laser‐Induced Entanglement of Liquid Metal and Metallic Nanowire Backbone

Template-Free and Stretchable Conductive Fiber with a Built-In Helical Structure for Strain-Insensitive Signal Transmission

3D Sponge Electrodes for Soft Wearable Bioelectronics

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