Soft Contact Lenses as Drug Delivery Systems: A Review

The noble metal nanoparticle has been widely utilized as a plasmonic unit to enhance biosensors, by leveraging its electric and/or optical properties. Integrated with the “flexible” feature, it further enables opportunities in developing healthcare products in a conformal and adaptive fashion, such as wrist pulse tracers, body temperature trackers, blood glucose monitors, etc. In this work, we present a holistic review of the recent advance of flexible plasmonic biosensors for the healthcare sector. The technical spectrum broadly covers the design and selection of a flexible substrate, the process to integrate flexible and plasmonic units, the exploration of different types of flexible plasmonic biosensors to monitor human temperature, blood glucose, ions, gas, and motion indicators, as well as their applications for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and colorimetric detections. Their fundamental working principles and structural innovations are scoped and summarized. The challenges and prospects are articulated regarding the critical importance for continued progress of flexible plasmonic biosensors to improve living quality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Plasmonic Biosensors for Healthcare Monitoring: Progress and Prospects

Song

Chen

et al. 2021

ACS Nano

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“…45 In this study, the silica nanoparticles size was less than 100 nm, which can bypass the issues associated with changes in the optical properties of therapeutic contact lenses. 46,47 The polydispersibility index for both the batches was <0.25, which suggests a narrow particle size distribution. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) reports of microemulsion globules and silica nanoparticles showed uniform spherical morphology without aggregation (Figure 1), which was consistent with the previously reported silica shell nanoparticles.…”

Section: Characterization Of Microemulsion and Silica Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 96%

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of brimonidine loaded silica nanoparticles-laden silicone contact lenses to manage glaucoma

2022

J Biomater Appl

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Glaucoma is treated by frequent instillation of 0.2% w/v brimonidine tartrate eye drop solution, which showed poor ocular bioavailability of 1–3%. Medicated contact lenses can be used to improve the ocular drug bioavailability. However, drug loading in the contact lens matrix showed high burst release and changes the optophysical properties of the contact lens material. In this paper, a novel brimonidine loaded silica nanoparticles-laden silicone contact lenses (Bri-Si) were designed to achieve controlled drug delivery without altering the optophysical properties of the contact lens. Silica nanoparticles were prepared by polymerizing octadecyltrimethoxysilane (OTMS) molecules at the oil/water interface of microemulsion. Traditional soaking method (Bri-SM), direct brimonidine-loading method (Bri-DL) and microemulsion-laden contact lens (Bri-ME) were developed for comparison. The Bri-Si lens showed improved swelling, transmittance, oxygen permeability and lysozyme adherence compared to Bri-SM, Bri-DL and Bri-ME lenses. The Bri-DL lens showed high brimonidine leaching during extraction and sterilization steps, with low cumulative drug release. While, Bri-Si lens show controlled brimonidine release for 144 h. In a rabbit tear fluid model, the Bri-Si lens showed high brimonidine concentration for 96 h compared to Bri-ME lens and eye drop therapy. Based on histopathological studies of cornea, the Bri-Si lens was found to be safe for human applications. The data demonstrated the novel application of silica nanoparticles to control brimonidine release from the contact lens without altering the optophysical properties of the contact lens.

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“…One of the most critical problems of drug delivery through CL remains the difficulty of incorporating more than one drug. A high degree of cross-link hydrogel is needed in this case, but this process might alter physical properties or oxygen permeability [ 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 ] ( Table 1 ).…”

Section: Drug Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Glaucoma Treatment and Hydrogel: Current Insights and State of the Art

Fea

Novarese

Caselgrandi

et al. 2022

Gels

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Aqueous gels formulated using hydrophilic polymers (hydrogels) and those based on stimuli-responsive polymers (in situ gelling or gel-forming systems) attract increasing interest in the treatment of several eye diseases. Their chemical structure enables them to incorporate various ophthalmic medications, achieving their optimal therapeutic doses and providing more clinically relevant time courses (weeks or months as opposed to hours and days), which will inevitably reduce dose frequency, thereby improving patient compliance and clinical outcomes. Due to its chronic course, the treatment of glaucoma may benefit from applying gel technologies as drug-delivering systems and as antifibrotic treatment during and after surgery. Therefore, our purpose is to review current applications of ophthalmic gelling systems with particular emphasis on glaucoma.

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Soft Contact Lenses as Drug Delivery Systems: A Review

Cited by 49 publications

References 158 publications

Flexible Plasmonic Biosensors for Healthcare Monitoring: Progress and Prospects

Flexible Plasmonic Biosensors for Healthcare Monitoring: Progress and Prospects

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of brimonidine loaded silica nanoparticles-laden silicone contact lenses to manage glaucoma

Glaucoma Treatment and Hydrogel: Current Insights and State of the Art

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