Soft and flexible poly(ethylene glycol) nanotubes for local drug delivery

Abstract

Soft/flexible PEG-based polymer nanotubes released doxorubicin over a sustained period and reduced tumor growth in a metastatic breast cancer model.

Synthesis and Characterization of cryogel microcarriers for sustained local delivery of anticancer therapeutics to Glioblastoma multiforme

“…It would, therefore, be conceivable that the structurally less dense SPA to PEGDA (6:4) cryogel microcarriers were able to stockpile more doxorubicin molecules within the core, as compared to the denser SPA to PEGDA (8:2) which only had molecules binding electrostatically to the outer surface of the polymeric network. Previous studies involving doxorubicin and other anticancer drugs have shown similar cases, where of binding affinity of drug to its carrier was found to be influenced by mechanical and, or, chemical properties depending on the accessibility of available functional groups for electrostatic binding (Gagliardi et al 2010;Newland et al 2018;Salgarella et al 2018;Zhang et al 2018b).…”

“…Use of both natural and synthetic polymers for local drug delivery has been observed in cancer therapeutics. Natural polymers have been based on polysaccharides, such as chitosan, alginate dextran etc, or polypeptides using gelatine, albumin, collagen, or silk (Kim et al 2015;Newland et al 2018;Park et al 2018). Synthetic polymers are usually preferred to natural-based ones due to the ability to easily modify specific properties like degradation, biocompatibility, mechanical properties, and drug release etc.…”

“…based on poly(sebacic acid), polyurethanes, and polycarbonates. Researchers are particularly interested in PEG hydrogels as they possess desirable properties of being nontoxic, are biocompatible with various chemicals, and prolong the half-life of the incorporated anticancer drugs (Wang et al 2014;Tyler et al 2016;Newland et al 2018;Shrimali et al 2018). These hydrogels also provide the ease of tailoring properties with respect to environmental variations like pH, light, and temperature.…”

“…Chemical functionality modifications can also be applied onto PEG hydrogels by co-polymerization, e.g. photoinduced radical polymerization, or via extra post-functionalization strategies such as 'click'-chemistry (Lin et al 2011;Newland et al 2018). Applying hydrolytically or enzymatically cleavable crosslinking points in this manner allows for adjustment of the degradation rate and release profile of these hydrogels (Li and Mooney 2016).…”

Emerging Technologies for Local Cancer Treatment

“…Active therapeutic Type of cancer Year Reference Chemotherapy PLLA/PEG4000 implant Etoposide NSCLC 2017 [40] In situ gel-forming PCL-PEG-PCL hydrogel implant Liposomal doxorubicin/rhenium-188-tin colloid HCC 2013 [41] PEG nanotubes Doxorubicin Breast 2018 [42] Liquid crystal polymer microcapsule Temozolomide/doxorubicin Brain metastasis 2014 [43] Lauroyl-gemcitabine nanocapsule hydrogel Gemcitabine Glioblastoma 2016 [44] Iontophoretic delivery Gemcitabine/FOLFIRINOX Regimen Breast/pancreas 2015/2016 [ 45,46] Iontophoretic delivery EGFR-targeted liposomal 5-FU SCC 2018 [47] Immunotherapy pLHMGA microparticles CD40 antibody/ CTLA4 antibody Colon carcinoma 2015 [48] Dextran/PLGA-PLA core/shell microspheres IL-2 Colon carcinoma 2013 [49] Injectable collagen-anchoring cytokines IL-2/IL-12 Melanoma/breast/colon 2019 [50] Injectable bio-responsive gel PD-L1 antibody /d-1MT Melanoma 2018 [51] Injectable alginate hydrogel Imiquimod and anti-PD-L1 with doxorubicin or oxaliplatin Breast/colon/glioma 2020 [52] Smart radiotherapy biomaterial PLGA matrix CD40 antibody/radiation NSCLC 2018 [53] Transcutaneous microneedle Patch PD1 antibody Melanoma 2016 [54] Nanofluidic drug eluting seed CD40 antibody / OX40 antibody Breast 2018 [55] Radiotherapy Radiation-linked polypeptide hydrogel depot Iodine-131 Prostate/pancreas 2016 [56] Iodine-131 CpG/ CTLA4 antibody Breast/prostate/colon/liver 2018 [57] EGFR-targeted radioactive gold nanoparticles Panitimumab and lutetium-177 Breast 2015 [58] NBTXR3…”