SOFC stack performance under high fuel utilization

Fang, Qingping; Blum, Ludger; Peters, Roland; Peksen, Murat; Batfalsky, Peter; Stolten, Detlef

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.11.094

Cited by 140 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Jülich F10 Design. 20 contact area. Upon measurement of the contact area on the cells, it was established that the contact surface area was a bit smaller than planned, that is ∼ 65% of the standard one.…”

Section: F678mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Cathode Electrical Contact in SOFC Stacks

Kennouche

Fang

Blum

et al. 2018

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The cathode contact layer is a critical component in solid oxide fuel cell stacks and one possible cause of degradation. Even though this layer and its interfaces are responsible for a large proportion of the ohmic resistance, it is generally difficult to identify the degradation without carrying out an autopsy of the stack. As a non-destructive method, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy is used in this work to investigate in-depth the cathode contact and its evolution with the support of distribution of relaxation time and differences in impedance spectra analyses between 650 • C and 800 • C. By purposefully building a stack with a reduced cathode contact area, the electrochemical resistance of the contact is evaluated and its frequency response identified. Through measurements at various operating conditions the different peaks of the distribution of relaxation time analysis are identified and related to physical phenomena within the cell. These findings are then applied to a stack with a standard contact area in order to explain the degradation behavior observed upon dismounting from the test bench.

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Section: F678mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Cathode Electrical Contact in SOFC Stacks

Kennouche

Fang

Blum

et al. 2018

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…Since the stack utilizes up to 85% of the incoming fuel gas, the remaining fuel is subsequently burned within the off-gas burner (position 5 in Figure 2) [30]. The heat produced (position 6 in Figure 2) can then be used to preheat the air flow in the air preheater, to support the evaporation process and endothermic steam reforming reaction in the pre-reformer.…”

Section: Exemplary Heat-up Process Of An Sofc System In Combination Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

An On‐Demand Safety Gas Generator for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell and Electrolyzer Systems

et al. 2017

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With their high electrochemical efficiency, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and solid oxide electrolyzers (SOEs) offer viable means of reducing energy sector greenhouse gas emissions and storing surplus renewably‐generated power. At present, these systems have operating temperatures of over 600 °C. During start‐up, following cooling or in an emergency shut‐off situation, a premixed safety gas is necessary which prevents damage to the cell's anode substrate. To date, safety gas has been industrially produced and stored in compressed gas cylinders. Given an SOFC system's size, these cylinders must be transported and stored in close proximity and replaced following gas expenditure. The storage space required, as well as the continuous replacement of gas cylinders, increases system size and costs. This paper presents a solution to this problem in the form of a specially developed safety gas generator that generates an on‐demand synthetic safety gas via the system's infrastructure. The functionality of this component is experimentally validated in tests conducted with a 4‐cell stack.

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“…Notably, recent stack tests reported in Ref. [42], have explored the performance of anode-supported cells operated under high fuel utilisation factors (up to U f ¼ 90%); however, these working conditions require careful consideration due to the presence of a tradeoff between their beneficial effects on the thermodynamic and environmental performance of the plant and the jeopardised lifetime expectations of the stacks.…”

Section: Fuel Utilisation Factor Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%