Sodium valproate for tinnitus

Menkes, David B; Larson, Paul M

doi:10.1136/jnnp.65.5.803

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Sodium valproate, a drug which blocks both voltage-gated sodium and T-type calcium channels, alleviated tinnitus symptoms in humans (Menkes and Larson 1998). However, another study reported that this drug triggered tinnitus during the treatment period (Hori and others 2003; Reeves and others 2000).…”

Section: Ion Channels and Receptors In Tinnitusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tinnitus: Prospects for Pharmacological Interventions With a Seesaw Model

et al. 2017

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Chronic tinnitus, the perception of lifelong constant ringing in ear, is one capital cause of disability in modern society. It is often present with various comorbid factors that severely affect quality of life, including insomnia, deficits in attention, anxiety, and depression. Currently, there are limited therapeutic treatments for alleviation of tinnitus. Tinnitus can involve a shift in neuronal excitation/inhibition (E/I) balance, which is largely modulated by ion channels and receptors. Thus, ongoing research is geared toward pharmaceutical approaches that modulate the function of ion channels and receptors. Here, we propose a seesaw model that delineates how tinnitus-related ion channels and receptors are involved in homeostatic E/I balance of neurons. This review provides a thorough account of our current mechanistic understanding of tinnitus and insight into future direction of drug development.

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Section: Ion Channels and Receptors In Tinnitusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tinnitus: Prospects for Pharmacological Interventions With a Seesaw Model

et al. 2017

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“…One case study found that sodium valproate (200 mg b.i.d.) was effective in suppressing tinnitus (171). However, another case study reported that sodium valproate induced tinnitus, and that the tinnitus gradually disappeared when treatment was discontinued (172).…”

Section: Drug Therapy For Tinnitus: Pharmacological Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacological treatments for tinnitus: New and old

Salvi¹,

Lobariñas²,

Sun³

2009

Drugs Fut

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Subjective tinnitus, the phantom ringing or buzzing sensation that occurs in the absence of sound, affects 12–14% of adults; in some cases the tinnitus is so severe or disabling that patients seek medical treatment. However, although the economic and emotional impact of tinnitus is large, there are currently no FDA-approved drugs to treat this condition. Clinical trials are now underway to evaluate the efficacy of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) and dopamine D2 antagonists, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) agonists and zinc dietary supplements. Previous off-label clinical studies, while not definitive, suggest that patients with severe depression may experience improvement in their tinnitus after treatment with antidepressants such as nortriptyline or sertraline. A small subpopulation of patients with what has been described as “typewriter tinnitus” have been shown to gain significant relief from the anticonvulsant carbamazepine. Preliminary studies with misoprostol, a synthetic prostaglandin E1 analogue, and sulpiride, a dopamine D2 antagonist, have shown promise. Animal behavioral studies suggest that GABA transaminase inhibitors and potassium channel modulators can suppress tinnitus. Additionally, improvements in tinnitus have also been noted in patients taking melatonin for significant sleep disturbances. Like other complex neurological disorders, one drug is unlikely to resolve tinnitus in all patients; therapies targeting specific subgroups are likely to yield the greatest success.

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“…Sodium valproate acts as a chlorine channel blocker in patients unresponsive to or intolerant of lidocaine, carbamazepine, phenytoin, or tocainide, but it has a weaker effect than carbamazepine. Its dosage is usually increased from 200 mg three times per day to 400 mg four times per day [ 33 ].…”

Section: Medications For Tinnitusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Pharmacotherapy for Tinnitus

Kim

Lee

et al. 2021

Healthcare

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Various medications are currently used in the treatment of tinnitus, including anesthetics, antiarrhythmics, anticonvulsants, antidepressants, antihistamines, antipsychotics, anxiolytics, calcium channel blockers, cholinergic antagonists, NMDA antagonists, muscle relaxants, vasodilators, and vitamins. To date, however, no medications have been specifically approved to treat tinnitus by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). In addition, medicines used to treat other diseases, as well as foods and other ingested materials, can result in unwanted tinnitus. These include alcohol, antineoplastic chemotherapeutic agents and heavy metals, antimetabolites, antitumor agents, antibiotics, caffeine, cocaine, marijuana, nonnarcotic analgesics and antipyretics, ototoxic antibiotics and diuretics, oral contraceptives, quinine and chloroquine, and salicylates. This review, therefore, describes the medications currently used to treat tinnitus, including their mechanisms of action, therapeutic effects, dosages, and side-effects. In addition, this review describes the medications, foods, and other ingested agents that can induce unwanted tinnitus, as well as their mechanisms of action.

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Sodium valproate for tinnitus

Cited by 17 publications

References 3 publications

Tinnitus: Prospects for Pharmacological Interventions With a Seesaw Model

Tinnitus: Prospects for Pharmacological Interventions With a Seesaw Model

Pharmacological treatments for tinnitus: New and old

Review of Pharmacotherapy for Tinnitus

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