Sodium Transport Kinetics, Cell Membrane Lipid Composition, Neural Conduction and Metabolic Control in Type 1 Diabetic Patients

Stiefel, Pablo; Ruı́z-Gutı́errez, Valentina; Gajón, Esther; Acosta, Domingo; Garcia-donas, M. A.; Madrazo, Juan; Villar, José R.; Carneado, J

doi:10.1159/000012775

Cited by 22 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22–6) are longer chain N-3 PUFAs found in marine sources (e.g., fatty fish, seal). Studies on the effects of N-3 PUFA supplementation have predominantly focused on their potential ability to reduce cardiovascular risk factors [2]; however, there is growing evidence that N-3 PUFAs might support neural function [3, 4] and adaptations to exercise [5, 6]. Deficiencies in dietary N-3 PUFAs lead to reduced Na + /K + ATPase activity and higher stimulation intensity for signal conduction [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Deficiencies in dietary N-3 PUFAs lead to reduced Na + /K + ATPase activity and higher stimulation intensity for signal conduction [1]. In contrast, N-3 PUFA supplementation in different clinical and applied settings has enhanced nerve conduction velocity [3], membrane fluidity, sensitivity to acetylcholine [7] and also reduced post-exercise inflammation [5, 8]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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21 days of mammalian omega-3 fatty acid supplementation improves aspects of neuromuscular function and performance in male athletes compared to olive oil placebo

Lewis

Radonic

Wolever

et al. 2015

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

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BackgroundOmega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (N-3) are essential nutrients for human health and integral components of neural tissues. There is evidence that N-3 supplementation may benefit exercise performance, however, no study has investigated the ergogenic potential of N-3 supplementation. Our objective was to determine the effect of short-term N-3 supplementation on neuromuscular-function and physical-performance in well-trained athletes.MethodsMale athletes (n = 30), 25 years (SD 4.6), training 17 h.wk−1 (SD 5) completed this randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-design study. At baseline a blood sample was collected, maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVC) with electromyography (EMG) recordings were measured, and participants underwent various performance tests including a Wingate test and 250 kJ time trial (TT) followed by repeated MVC and EMG measurement. Participants were then randomly assigned to receive N-3 (5 ml seal oil, 375 mg EPA, 230 mg DPA, 510 mg DHA) or placebo (5 ml olive oil) for 21-days after which baseline testing was repeated. The magnitude-based inference approach was used to estimate the probability that N-3 had a beneficial effect on neuromuscular-function and performance of at least ±1 %. Data are shown as mean ± 90 % confidence-interval.ResultsPlasma EPA was higher on N-3 than placebo (p = 0.004) but the increases in DPA and DHA were not significant (p = 0.087, p = 0.058). N-3 supplementation had an unclear effect on MVC force (4.1 ± 6.6 %) but increased vastus lateralis EMG by 20 ± 18 % vs placebo (very likely beneficial). N-3 supplementation reduced Wingate percent power drop by 4.76 ± 3.4 % vs placebo (very likely beneficial), but the difference in TT performance was unclear (−1.9 ± 4.8 %).ConclusionOur data indicates N-3 PUFA supplementation improved peripheral neuromuscular function and aspects of fatigue with an unclear effect on central neuromuscular function. Clinical trial registration NCT0201433.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

21 days of mammalian omega-3 fatty acid supplementation improves aspects of neuromuscular function and performance in male athletes compared to olive oil placebo

Lewis

Radonic

Wolever

et al. 2015

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

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“…PUFA composition within membranes has also been reported to modulate the eciency of numerous membrane transporters and enzymes [42,99,103,114,128,129,131,143]. This review is intended to summarize the implications of dietary FA on the biophysical and functional properties of brain membranes, their eects on eicosanoid production, and the possible connections between membrane EFA, aging and oxidative stress with the onset of neurodegenerative diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Essential fatty acids and the brain: possible health implications

Youdim

Martín

Joseph

2000

Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience

419

273

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Linoleic and a-linolenic acid are essential for normal cellular function, and act as precursors for the synthesis of longer chained polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as arachidonic (AA), eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acids (DHA), which have been shown to partake in numerous cellular functions aecting membrane¯uidity, membrane enzyme activities and eicosanoid synthesis. The brain is particularly rich in PUFAs such as DHA, and changes in tissue membrane composition of these PUFAs re¯ect that of the dietary source. The decline in structural and functional integrity of this tissue appears to correlate with loss in membrane DHA concentrations. Arachidonic acid, also predominant in this tissue, is a major precursor for the synthesis of eicosanoids, that serve as intracellular or extracellular signals. With aging comes a likely increase in reactive oxygen species and hence a concomitant decline in membrane PUFA concentrations, and with it, cognitive impairment. Neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease also appear to exhibit membrane loss of PUFAs. Thus it may be that an optimal diet with a balance of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids may help to delay their onset or reduce the insult to brain functions which these diseases elicit. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.

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“…We have previously reported that an altered activity of this sodium transport system is related with red cell membrane fatty acid composition in diabetic patients and also in hypertensive subjects [51][52][53]. Importantly, in diabetic patients these abnormalities may improve with a dietary supplementation with omega-3 fatty acid [54]. Therefore, it might be hypothesised that the higher frequency of cardiac hypertrophy observed in diabetic patients is at least, partially related with a genetic predisposition to hypertension.…”

Section: Studies In Diabetic Patientsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Plasma Glucose Concentrations and Cardiac Hypertrophy in Essential Hypertension

Stiefel¹,

Villar²,

Navarro-Antolı́n³

2006

CHYR

Self Cite

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Recently, increasing evidences relate left ventricular mass (LVM) and plasma glucose concentrations in hypertensive patients. In this respect, it has been described a positive and significant relation between LVM and Hemoglobin A1c in essential hypertension. Moreover, hypertensive individuals with diabetes have higher LVM than nondiabetic hypertensive patients with similar blood pressure. It has been also described that an improvement of glycemic control contributes to left ventricular hypertrophy regression in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes, and that these changes occurred independently of variation in blood pressure. Finally, we have recently published that "glucose effectiveness" (that represents the ability of glucose per se to effect its own disappearance from plasma independent of dynamic changes from basal insulin) is strongly related to left ventricular mass in subjects with stage 1 hypertension or high-normal blood pressure. The mechanisms by which glucose in itself can induce proliferation and hypertrophy seem to be mainly related to the activation of protein Kinase C pathways. However, it has been also shown that glucose increases intracellular calcium "in vitro" and this increase directly stimulates vascular proliferation and hypertrophy. In the present paper we will review different clinical studies and in vitro experiments, showing that glucose in itself, independently of insulin, can induce vascular proliferation,and cardiac hypertrophy.

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Sodium Transport Kinetics, Cell Membrane Lipid Composition, Neural Conduction and Metabolic Control in Type 1 Diabetic Patients

Cited by 22 publications

References 21 publications

21 days of mammalian omega-3 fatty acid supplementation improves aspects of neuromuscular function and performance in male athletes compared to olive oil placebo

21 days of mammalian omega-3 fatty acid supplementation improves aspects of neuromuscular function and performance in male athletes compared to olive oil placebo

Essential fatty acids and the brain: possible health implications

Plasma Glucose Concentrations and Cardiac Hypertrophy in Essential Hypertension

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