Sodium Storage Properties of Carbonaceous Flowers

Self Cite

Germanium oxide (GeO2) is a high theoretical capacity electrode material due to its alloying and conversion reaction. However, the actual cycling capacity is rather poor on account of suffering low electron/ion conductivity, enormous volume change and agglomeration in the repeated lithiation/delithiation process, which renders quite a low reversible electrochemical lithium storage reaction. In this work, highly amorphous GeO2 particles are uniformly distributed in the carbon nanofiber framework, and the amorphous carbon nanofiber not only improves the conduction and buffers the volume changes but also prevents active material agglomeration. As a result, the present GeO2 and carbon composite electrode exhibits highly reversible alloying and conversion processes during the whole cycling process. The two reversible electrochemical reactions are verified by differential capacity curves and cyclic voltammetry measurements during the whole cycling process. The corresponding reversible capacity is 747 mAh g−1 after 300 cycles at a current density of 0.3 A g−1. The related reversible capacities are 933, 672, 487 and 302 mAh g−1 at current densities of 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 and 1.6 A g−1, respectively. The simple strategy for the design of amorphous GeO2/carbon composites enables potential application for high-performance LIBs.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

GeO2 Nanoparticles Decorated in Amorphous Carbon Nanofiber Framework as Highly Reversible Lithium Storage Anode

Xie,

Liu,

et al. 2023

Self Cite

“…However, the graphite anodes commonly employed in LIBs are inefficient in SIBs because of their lower capacity and unsuitable thermodynamic properties [ 7 ]. Consequently, many efforts have been made to identify high-performance anode materials for SIBs, including hard carbon, alloys, metal oxides, and sulfides [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. The considerable radius of sodium ions (0.106 nm) compared with that of lithium ions (0.076 nm) presents notable challenges, slowing kinetic processes and undermining the structural integrity of host materials [ 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile Fabrication of Large-Area CuO Flakes for Sodium-Ion Energy Storage Applications

Sun,

Luo

2024

Self Cite

CuO is recognized as a promising anode material for sodium-ion batteries because of its impressive theoretical capacity of 674 mAh g−1, derived from its multiple electron transfer capabilities. However, its practical application is hindered by slow reaction kinetics and rapid capacity loss caused by side reactions during discharge/charge cycles. In this work, we introduce an innovative approach to fabricating large-area CuO and CuO@Al2O3 flakes through a combination of magnetron sputtering, thermal oxidation, and atomic layer deposition techniques. The resultant 2D CuO flakes demonstrate excellent electrochemical properties with a high initial reversible specific capacity of 487 mAh g−1 and good cycling stability, which are attributable to their unique architectures and superior structural durability. Furthermore, when these CuO flakes are coated with an ultrathin Al2O3 layer, the integration of the 2D structures with outer nanocoating leads to significantly enhanced electrochemical properties. Notably, even after 70 rate testing cycles, the CuO@Al2O3 materials maintain a high capacity of 525 mAh g−1 at a current density of 50 mA g−1. Remarkably, at a higher current density of 2000 mA g−1, these materials still achieve a capacity of 220 mAh g−1. Moreover, after 200 cycles at a current density of 200 mA g−1, a high charge capacity of 319 mAh g−1 is sustained. In addition, a full cell consisting of a CuO@Al2O3 anode and a NaNi1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode is investigated, showcasing remarkable cycling performance. Our findings underscore the potential of these innovative flake-like architectures as electrode materials in high-performance sodium-ion batteries, paving the way for advancements in energy storage technologies.

“…Rechargeable sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) were increasingly promising in the field of large-scale electric energy storage for renewable energy and smart grids during the “beyond-lithium-ion-batteries” era, due to the advantageous characteristics of low cost, high abundance, and wide distribution of sodium resources [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. The larger radius of Na + (1.02 Å) than that of Li + (0.76 Å), however, results in the sluggish kinetics of insertion/extraction of Na + into active materials [ 5 , 6 , 7 ] and thus hinders the development and application of SIBs. The limitation has triggered a great deal of effort to develop numerous advanced anode nanomaterials for SIBs, such as carbon-based nanomaterials [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ], metallic alloys [ 12 , 13 , 14 ], two-dimensional (2D) metal carbides (MXenes) [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ], metal dichalcogenides [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ], and metal sulfides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MoS2/SnS/CoS Heterostructures on Graphene: Lattice-Confinement Synthesis and Boosted Sodium Storage

Zhang

Dong

et al. 2023

The development of high-efficiency multi-component composite anode nanomaterials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) is critical for advancing the further practical application. Numerous multi-component nanomaterials are constructed typically via confinement strategies of surface templating or three-dimensional encapsulation. Herein, a composite of heterostructural multiple sulfides (MoS2/SnS/CoS) well-dispersed on graphene is prepared as an anode nanomaterial for SIBs, via a distinctive lattice confinement effect of a ternary CoMoSn-layered double-hydroxide (CoMoSn-LDH) precursor. Electrochemical testing demonstrates that the composite delivers a high-reversible capacity (627.6 mA h g−1 after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g−1) and high rate capacity of 304.9 mA h g−1 after 1000 cycles at 5.0 A g−1, outperforming those of the counterparts of single-, bi- and mixed sulfides. Furthermore, the enhancement is elucidated experimentally by the dominant capacitive contribution and low charge-transfer resistance. The precursor-based lattice confinement strategy could be effective for constructing uniform composites as anode nanomaterials for electrochemical energy storage.