Sodium starch octenyl succinate facilitated the production of water-soluble yellow pigments in Monascus ruber fermentation

Increased Water-Soluble Yellow Monascus Pigment Productivity via Dual Mutagenesis and Submerged Repeated-Batch Fermentation of Monascus purpureus

“…As shown in Table 4 , various biotechnologies were carried out to increase the YMPs production, including addition of exogenous compounds [such as ethanol, sodium starch octenyl succinate (OSA-SNa), and microparticle], pH and sharking speed regulation, temperature control, and response surface methodology, changing oxidation–reduction potential (high glucose stress, addition of H 2 O 2 and dithiothreitol). The highest exYMPs production was 209 U/ml in submerged fermentation by M. ruber CGMCC 10910 after optimizing the amount of H 2 O 2 added and the timing of the addition, with 17.42 U/ml/day of productivity ( Huang et al, 2021b ), which was similar to the value of that obtained in this study. Besides, it showed that high production of YMPs (328.36 U/ml) was obtained by M. ruber CGMCC 10910 under condition of high glucose stress, but the productivity of exYMPs was low (5.22 U/ml/day; Wang et al, 2017b ).…”

“… Xiong et al (2015) intensified the transfer of intracellular YMPs into an extracellular nonionic surfactant micelle aqueous solution using EF and enhanced exYMP production. Huang et al (2021b) increased WSYMP production by 69.68% compared to conventional fermentation by adding sodium starch octenyl succinate. In addition, high glucose stress can promote YMP biosynthesis and significantly increase extracellular YMP production ( Huang et al, 2017c ).…”

“…Generally, MPs are red (RMPs, such as monascorubramine and rubropunctamine), orange (OMPs, such as rubropunctatin and monascorubrin), and yellow (YMPs, such as monascin and ankaflavin; Kim and Ku, 2018 ; Liu et al, 2019a ). It has been reported that YMPs are an excellent colorants and are safe, with anti-inflammatory, anti-fatty, antitumor, and antioxidant functions ( Wu et al, 2021 ; Huang et al, 2021b ), improving alcoholic liver injury and preventing lipid accumulation ( Zhou et al, 2019 ; Lai et al, 2021 ), with great prospects for use in food and pharmaceutical industries. However, YMPs are normally hydrophobic or alcohol-soluble intracellular pigments in submerged fermentation, increasing the cost of separation and purification, and limiting their application ( Gong and Wu, 2016 ; Yang et al, 2020 ).…”

“…It has been reported that WSYMPs and exYMPs are not produced on a large scale as a result of their low yield and productivity ( Qian et al, 2021 ; Huang et al, 2021b ). Current research efforts often focus on increasing WSYMP/exYMP production through optimization of fermentation broth components, fermentation biotechnology, and chemical modification.…”

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“…Enhancement of WSYMPs Productivity and ankaflavin; Kim and Ku, 2018;Liu et al, 2019a). It has been reported that YMPs are an excellent colorants and are safe, with anti-inflammatory, anti-fatty, antitumor, and antioxidant functions (Wu et al, 2021;Huang et al, 2021b), improving alcoholic liver injury and preventing lipid accumulation (Zhou et al, 2019;Lai et al, 2021), with great prospects for use in food and pharmaceutical industries. However, YMPs are normally hydrophobic or alcohol-soluble intracellular pigments in submerged fermentation, increasing the cost of separation and purification, and limiting their application (Gong and Wu, 2016;Yang et al, 2020).…”