Sodium space in fresh-water and sea-water eels

Mayer, Nóra; Nibelle, J.

doi:10.1016/0010-406x(69)90060-7

Cited by 25 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Extracellular fluid volume of the Japanese eel was estimated to be 15% of body mass based on the Cl -space and Na + space of European eel (Kirsch, 1972a;Mayer and Nibelle, 1969 (Takei and Hatakeyama, 1987 2-in the plasma. Curve fitting was performed using statistical software (KyPlot 5.0, Kyens, Tokyo, Japan).…”

Section: Calculation Of So 4 2-fluxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vigorous SO42– influxviathe gills is balanced by enhanced SO42– excretion by the kidney in eels after seawater adaptation

Watanabe

Takei

2012

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARY Sulfate (SO42–) is maintained at ∼1 mmol–1 l–1 in teleost fishes that are exposed to media of varying SO42– concentrations. We first measured plasma SO42– concentration in euryhaline fishes that adapt to both SO42–-poor freshwater (<0.5 mmol l) and SO42–-enriched seawater (30 mmol l–1). Unlike Mozambique tilapia and chum salmon, Japanese eels maintained higher plasma SO42– concentration in freshwater (6.2±2.3 mmol l–1) than in seawater (0.7±0.1 mmol l–1). We then analyzed the whole-body SO42– budget using 35SO42–. 35SO42– influx in seawater-adapted eels occurred by 84.5% via body surfaces and 15.5% via digestive tracts. The SO42– influx was higher in seawater eels (1.55 μmol kg–1 h–1) than in freshwater eels (0.09 μmol kg–1 min–1), but it was facilitated in freshwater eels when the difference in SO42– concentrations between plasma and environment was taken into account (freshwater eels, 6.2 vs 0.3 mmol l–1; seawater eels, 0.7 vs 30 mmol l–1). One hour after injection of 35SO42– into the blood of seawater eels, the kidney excreted ∼97% of the ionized form, whereas the radioactivity increased gradually in the medium and the rectal fluid more than 3 h after injection. As the radioactivity was poorly adsorbed by anion-exchange resin, 35SO42– in the blood may be incorporated into cells and excreted by the intestine, gills and skin, probably as mucus. These results show that freshwater eels take up SO42– actively from the environment, but seawater eels cope with the obligatory influx of SO42– through the gills by excreting excess SO42–via the kidney and in mucus.

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Section: Calculation Of So 4 2-fluxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vigorous SO42– influxviathe gills is balanced by enhanced SO42– excretion by the kidney in eels after seawater adaptation

Watanabe

Takei

2012

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…Internal distribution volumes ( V int ) for 22 Na and 36 C1 were calculated from the equation of Mayer and Nibelle (1969):…”

Section: Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

OSMOREGULATION, IONIC EXCHANGE, BLOOD CHEMISTRY, AND NITROGENOUS WASTE EXCRETION IN THE LAND CRABCARDISOMA CARNIFEX:A FIELD AND LABORATORY STUDY

Wood¹,

Boutilier²

1985

The Biological Bulletin

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Cardisoma carnifex in Moorea, French Polynesia, were sampled in the field and after exposure in the laboratory to either fresh-or seawater under conditions which allowed the crabs to flush their branchial chambers with the medium but not to ventilate it. Relative to field data, ionic and osmotic status of the hemolymph was virtually unchanged by exposure to freshwater, but markedly disturbed by seawater. The crabs were capable of net Na + and Cl uptake from freshwater. Water sampled from natural crab burrows was essentially freshwater. It is concluded that the population was "in equilibrium" with freshwater in the wild.Net H + uptake (= base excretion) occurred in both fresh-and seawater; in freshwater there was a 1:1 relationship between net H + flux and strong cation minus anion flux (i.e., Na + + Mg ++ + Ca ++ + K + -Cl"). Unidirectional Na + and Cl" exchanges, measured radioisotopically, were typical of euryhaline crabs in freshwater, but influxes were unusual in showing no increase in seawater. Mild dehydration caused complex alterations in these exchanges in both media, associated with small and quickly reversed changes in hemolymph composition in freshwater, but larger effects in seawater which were not reversed. High levels of ammonia in hemolymph occurred in the field but declined in the laboratory, while the level of urea was low in both situations. Both wastes were excreted into the water. Neither uric acid nor gaseous ammonia excretion were detected, and uric acid was generally not found in hemolymph. The results are discussed in relation to the ecology of this unusual animal.

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Sodium balance in the American alligator

Ellis

Evans

1984

J. Exp. Zool.

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Alligators in fresh water regulate their plasma and cloacal fluid electrolytes at concentrations similar to those of other crocodilians. They have an exchangeable Na pool of 60.8 pmol/gm and a unidirectional Na efflux of 3.9 pmol/100 gm-hr. Of this 11% is excreted from the cloaca, 43% presumably diffuses across the body integument, and the remaining 46% is lost from the head region. The integumental Na efflux is estimated to be 0.01 pmol/cm2 Shr. In fresh water the net flux is 0.5 pmo1/100 gm.hr, which suggests that nondietary Na uptake can compensate for 86% of unidirectional Na loss.

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Sodium space in fresh-water and sea-water eels

Cited by 25 publications

References 4 publications

Vigorous SO42– influxviathe gills is balanced by enhanced SO42– excretion by the kidney in eels after seawater adaptation

Vigorous SO42– influxviathe gills is balanced by enhanced SO42– excretion by the kidney in eels after seawater adaptation

OSMOREGULATION, IONIC EXCHANGE, BLOOD CHEMISTRY, AND NITROGENOUS WASTE EXCRETION IN THE LAND CRABCARDISOMA CARNIFEX:A FIELD AND LABORATORY STUDY

Sodium balance in the American alligator

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