Sodium Nitroprusside Stimulates Micropropagation and TDZ Induces Adventitious Shoots Regeneration in Red Flesh Apple Malus niedzwetzkyana Koehne Dieck ex

Abstract

The aim of the present investigation was to optimize protocols for micropropagation and adventitious shoot regeneration from leaf explants of two wild ecotypes of red flesh apple Malus niedzwetzkyana for future breeding programs. At the proliferation stage, different concentrations of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and triacontanol (TRIA) were compared. To optimize shoot regeneration from leaf explants, interactive effects of 1-phenyl-3-(1,2,3-thidiazol-5-yl)-urea – thidiazuron (TDZ), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and two explant types were investigated. At rooting stage, the effect of exposure time of microshoots to darkness and exposure time to different concentrations of IBA and α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) were compared. The results showed that SNP affected the growth rate significantly and the maximum multiplication rates per explant (9.6 in the first ecotype and 8.8 in the second) were produced in the Quoirin and Lepoivre medium containing 17 SNP µM, in addition to 4 µm 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 3 µm gibberellic acid (GA3). IBA and TDZ affected the adventitious shoot regeneration from leaf explants significantly, the highest number of regenerated shoots (18.3 per explant) was obtained from the basal section of the leaves cultured on the medium containing 2 μM IBA and 15 μM TDZ. At rooting stage, the maximum rooting (88.6%) was obtained in the result of one weak exposure to darkness on medium containing 3 μM IBA.

Indirect regeneration in Ficus lyrata Warb. and metabolite profiles influenced by nitric oxide and Plant growth regulators

“…Our findings here on F. lyrata , together with findings of several other studies in various plant species have proved that synergistic interaction of NO × CKs × auxin could strongly promote callogenesis, morphogenic callus induction, and shoot regeneration. This was supported by the reports in Malus hupehensis [ 26 ], Albizzia lebbeck [ 27 ], Vanilla planifolia [ 28 ], Cherry rootstocks [ 29 , 30 ], Malus niedzwetzkyana [ 31 ], etc. The synergistic cross-talk of NO × CK × auxin dramatically stimulated cell dedifferentiation and cell proliferation in Arabidopsis [ 32 ] by augmenting the auxin and CK signaling pathways, and resulted in new meristematic centers.…”

A universal protocol for high-quality DNA and RNA isolation from diverse plant species

“…[9], olive cultivars [10], Malus pumila Mill. [11], Pyrus communis L. [12], Pyrus L. [13], genus Triticum (including 12 species) [14][15][16], Gossypium robinsonii [17], Gossypium the flow-through. Place the RNeasy spin column into a new tube, add buffers RW1 (700 μl) and then RPE (500 μl) to the RNeasy spin column, followed by centrifugation each time at 8,000 g for 30 s to wash the spin column membrane (Step 7C).…”

“…[ 9 ], olive cultivars [ 10 ], Malus pumila Mill. [ 11 ], Pyrus communis L. [ 12 ], Pyrus L. [ 13 ], genus Triticum (including 12 species) [ 14 – 16 ], Gossypium robinsonii [ 17 ], Gossypium hirsutum [ 18 ], Prunus persica L. [ 19 ], Cydonia oblonga Mill. [ 20 ], Themeda triandra [ 21 ], demonstrating a broad application of this protocol and the reproducibility of the outcome.…”