Sodium nitrite-based additives improve the conservation and the nutritive value of guinea grass silage

Gomes, Ana Luiza Mendonça; Auerbach, Horst; Lazzari, G.; Moraes, Ana Lúcia Leite; Nussio, Luiz Gustavo; Jobim, Clóves Cabreira; Daniel, João Luiz Pratti

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2021.115033

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In general, undissociated volatile fatty acids (VFA) may exhibit fungistatic effects, and thus, Gomes et al (2021) found that the higher the proportion of those acids in grass silage compared to the sum of soluble carbohydrates and lactic acid, the more stable the pH was on exposure to air. However, in an untreated TMR for high yielding dairy cows the amount of VFA is negligible compared to concentration of the soluble carbohydrates (Table 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, increase in pH and visual yeast occurrence at the end of the test can tell whether spoilage has taken place, but not when it started. In an experiment with tropical grasses, pH clearly rose before temperature in several treatments (Gomes et al 2021). It would be desirable to monitor pH over time to best make use of this parameter, which suggests that oxidation of lactic acid has taken place (Middelhoven and Franzen 1986, Pahlow et al 2003, Martens 2006.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Testing the aerobic stability of silage-based mixed rations using a multiple indicator approach

Martens¹,

Jilg

Schneider

et al. 2022

AFSci

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Total Mixed Rations (TMR) including silages are commonly fed to cattle in many parts of the world, but they tend to deteriorate on exposure to air, especially in the warm season. The aim of the study was to develop an easy to implement protocol in order to compare the aerobic stability of different feed mixtures for lactating dairy cattle and to test the potential of TMR stabilizing products to delay spoilage. The experimental conditions were standardized to 25 °C ambient, and the sample dry matter was adjusted to 400 g kg-1 to challenge shelf life. Temperature rise in an insulated vessel, which is frequently used when testing silages, was shown to be one promising indicator of spoilage activity. Furthermore, determination of pH, scores for visual occurrence of yeasts and moulds and condensation from 0–4 were successfully applied at the end of the 72 h period. A dosage of 4.5 l propionic acid t-1 proved suitable as a positive control when compared to 1.5 and 3.0 l t-1. The commercial products tested at the recommended dose had a similar efficacy. The stabilizing effect depended principally on the original hygienic condition of the ration. Visual evaluation plus the recording of pH, in addition to continuous temperature measurement facilitated this appraisal. Early signs of spoilage, in particular, can only be assessed by visual appraisal. Thus, an evaluation of a combination of indicators of aerobic stability is recommended.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing the aerobic stability of silage-based mixed rations using a multiple indicator approach

Martens¹,

Jilg

Schneider

et al. 2022

AFSci

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“…Bela + Tamani guinea grass; Figure 4B) can be attributed to the inherent buffering capacity of forage grasses and legumes compared with sorghum silage in monocropped systems (Oliveira et al, 2020). This increased buffering capacity makes them more susceptible to proteolysis during the fermentation process, impeding pH reduction and resulting in inadequate forage preservation (Gomes et al, 2021).…”

Section: Fermentation Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silages of sorghum, Tamani guinea grass, and Stylosanthes in an integrated system: production and quality

Prado

Costa

Silva

et al. 2023

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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Crop–livestock integration systems are efficient technologies for diversifying production and promoting agricultural sustainability. However, less is known about the triple intercropping of crops for silage production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the dry mass production, fermentation profile, and nutritive value of sorghum silage intercropped with Tamani guinea grass and Stylosanthes cv. Bela in integrated systems. We used an experimental design with randomized blocks with four replicates. The treatments consisted of silage of (1) sorghum in monocropped; (2) Tamani guinea grass in monocropped (Panicum maximum cv. BRS Tamani); (3) Stylosanthes cv. Bela in monocropped (Stylosanthes guianensis cv. BRS Bela); (4) sorghum intercropped with Tamani guinea grass; (5) sorghum intercropped with Stylosanthes cv. Bela; (6) Stylosanthes cv. Bela intercropped with Tamani guinea grass; and (7) sorghum intercropped with Tamani guinea grass and Stylosanthes cv. Bela, totaling 28 experimental silos. Our results demonstrated that intercropping sorghum with tropical forages can be utilized in integrated silage production systems. This practice led to an increase in silage mass production per unit area while also providing pasture forage after the crop harvest for silage production, ultimately enhancing land-use efficiency in a sustainable manner. Silage produced from sorghum intercropped with Tamani guinea grass and Stylosanthes cv. Bela exhibited improved fermentative characteristics, as well as higher ether extract and total digestible nutrient contents compared with silage from monocropped forages. Tropical forages contributed to an increase in the crude protein content of monocropped sorghum silage, which could potentially reduce costs associated with acquiring protein salts for ruminant feed supplementation. Consequently, we recommend the triple intercropping of sorghum, Tamani guinea grass, and Bela for silage production, as it offers advantages for the cultivation of annual and tropical forage crops.

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“…[1,21]. Conversely, sodium nitrite is mainly applied to inhibit undesirable bacteria [22,23]. Therefore, a small inhibition of the fermentative processes in the silo by the additive was not unexpected.…”

Section: Effect Of Additive Treatment On Maize Silage Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of a Chemical Additive on the Fermentation and Aerobic Stability of Whole-Plant Maize Silage

Silva

Kung

2022

Agriculture

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Our objective was to conduct a meta-analysis on the effects of a chemical additive containing sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate, and sodium nitrite on the fermentation and aerobic stability of whole-plant maize silage. We used data from 28 experiments, with 56 untreated to treated comparisons, carried out over a 9-year period. The influence of dry matter (DM) content and length of ensiling on the additive effect were assessed by meta-regression and subgroup analysis. Treatment with the additive reduced the pH and concentrations of ammonia-N, lactic acid, and ethanol, but increased the concentration of residual reducing sugars, DM recovery, and aerobic stability (by about 5 days). As the forage DM decreased, there was a greater reduction in ethanol by the additive treatment. The additive reduced the number of yeasts in silages made with forage harvested at >32% DM. The improvement in aerobic stability by the additive increased as ensiling time progressed. Overall, these findings show that the chemical additive has the ability to consistently and markedly improve the aerobic stability of maize silage under a wide range of conditions.

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Sodium nitrite-based additives improve the conservation and the nutritive value of guinea grass silage

Cited by 7 publications

References 33 publications

Testing the aerobic stability of silage-based mixed rations using a multiple indicator approach

Testing the aerobic stability of silage-based mixed rations using a multiple indicator approach

Silages of sorghum, Tamani guinea grass, and Stylosanthes in an integrated system: production and quality

A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of a Chemical Additive on the Fermentation and Aerobic Stability of Whole-Plant Maize Silage

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