1983
DOI: 10.1021/jo00159a030
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Sodium-liquid ammonia reduction of carboxamides to alcohols

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1983
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Cited by 5 publications
(3 citation statements)
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“…(c) Similarly to the cleavage of the S-methyl group, the rate of salt formation of the carboxamide group is slower by approximately 1-2 orders of magnitude than that of the neutralization of the ammonium ion. [29][30][31] The salt formation of the carboxamide group is competitive with its reduction to the alcohol derivative.31 Both of these reactions can be prevented if sodium is not used in an excess during the deprotections.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…(c) Similarly to the cleavage of the S-methyl group, the rate of salt formation of the carboxamide group is slower by approximately 1-2 orders of magnitude than that of the neutralization of the ammonium ion. [29][30][31] The salt formation of the carboxamide group is competitive with its reduction to the alcohol derivative.31 Both of these reactions can be prevented if sodium is not used in an excess during the deprotections.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Our studies in the field of sodium-liquid ammonia reductions resulted in three practical applications, (a) The first is the optimization of the reduction in the synthesis of biologically active peptides.198 (b) Recognizing the competitiveness of the salt formation and the reduction of the carboxamide group to an alcohol derivative, [29][30][31]195,196 we developed two theoretically equivalent methods for the complete conversion of the carboxamide group to an alcohol derivative. It must be stressed that because of this competitiveness no complete reduction can be reached, no matter how large is the sodium excess.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Η μέθοδος αναγωγής με Να/υγρή ΝΗ 3 για την απομάκρυνση των βενζυλοπροστατευτικών ομάδων έχει χρησιμοποιηθεί πολύ[333][334][335] από τότε που εφαρμόστηκε για πρώτη φορά[50,336]. Χρησιμοποιείται με επιτυχία μέχρι σήμερα στο χώρο της πεπτιδικής χημείας, ως εναλλακτική λύση πολλές φορές έναντι του υδροφθορίου[52], αλλά και σε άλλους τομείς της οργανικής χημείας[337,338]. Η μέθοδος παρουσιάζει βέβαια ορισμένα μειονεκτήματα, όπως η ρακεμίωση οφειλόμενη κυρίως στο σχηματισμό του ΝαΝΗ 2[339,340], οι προκαλούμενες ζημιές στις πλευρικές ομάδες των αμινοξέων[341][342][343] και η καταστροφή κατά ένα ποσοστό του πεπτιδικού δεσμού ανάμεσα στην προλίνη και ενός άλλου αμινοξέος[344,345].…”
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