Sodium Danshensu Cream Promotes the Healing of Pressure Ulcers in Mice through the Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB Pathways

Abstract

On the basis of the mice pressure ulcers (PU) model, the protective effect and potential mechanism of sodium Danshensu (SDSS) cream against PU were investigated. The mice were randomly divided into three groups: the negative control group (cream without 0.5 g SDSS), the SDSS group (cream containing 0.5 g SDSS), and the positive group (0.5 g Hirudoid®). After 7 and 14 days of ointment application, the wound-healing rate of the SDSS and positive groups was significantly higher than that of the control group (p < 0.05). The results of hematoxylin–eosin staining also indicated that SDSS has the potential to promote the healing of PU. In addition, the serum IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and MDA levels decreased significantly (p < 0.01) after 14 days of SDSS treatment, while the SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px activities increased significantly (p < 0.01). In addition, SDSS cream was able to significantly increase the expression of Nrf2, HO-1, GCLM, NQO1, NF-κB p65, NF-κB p50, IKKα, and IKKβ while decreasing the expression of Keap1 and IκBαin the Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB pathways. Our research will provide a foundation for the future clinical prevention and treatment of PU with SDSS cream.

The Effects of Resveratrol and Apigenin on Jejunal Oxidative Injury in Ducks and on Immortalized Duck Intestinal Epithelial Cells Exposed to H2O2

“…The NRF2/HO-1 signaling pathway participates in the regulation of various stress environments by regulating antioxidant and phase 2 detoxifying enzymes, in addition to related proteins [56,57]. Under oxidative stress, NRF2 activates downstream proteins such as NQO1, HO-1, and GCLM, which enhances the coupling reaction and the expression of related antioxidant enzymes (e.g., SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT), thus protecting against oxidative-stress-induced damage [58,59].…”

Exploring the Traditional Uses of Thymbra capitata Infusion in Algarve (Portugal): Anti-Inflammatory, Wound Healing, and Anti-Aging

“…Regarding isolated compounds, several studies have reported their wound healing capacities. Indeed, wound healing properties have been reported for rosmarinic acid [ 67 , 68 ], salvianolic acid A, and danshensu [ 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 ]. The aglycone apigenin also promotes in vitro and in vivo wound healing [ 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 ].…”

Targeting Signalling Pathways in Chronic Wound Healing

“…Other naturally derived treatments were also shown to promote chronic wound healing by activating Nrf2 signalling. These treatments include the flavonoids: xanthohumol, procyanidin B2, pterostilbene, curcumin, resveratrol and gallocatechin in addition to other naturally derived treatments: dimethyl fumarate, cordyceptin, bee venom, puffball spores, sodium danshensu and paeoniflorin [ 21 , 40 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 , 102 , 103 , 104 , 105 , 106 ]. There are a few drawbacks that are limiting the use of naturally derived treatments in the clinic.…”