Sodium butyrate supplementation ameliorates diabetic inflammation in db/db mice

Abstract

Endotoxemia has been recognized to be closely accompanied with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and is responsible for many diabetic complications. Recent study suggests the potential role of butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) from microbiota metabolite, on T2DM. Gut-leak is a key event in diabetic-endotoxemia. To investigate if butyrate could ameliorate diabetic-endotoxemia, both and experiments were carried out in the present study. The effect of butyrate supplementation on blood HbA1c and inflammatory cytokines were determined in db/db mice; gut barrier integrity and expression of tight junction proteins were investigated both and Oral butyrate administration significantly decreased blood HbA1c, inflammatory cytokines and LPS in db/db mice; inflammatory cell infiltration was reduced, and gut integrity and intercellular adhesion molecules were increased as detected by HE staining, immunohistochemistry and Western blot. By gut microbiota assay, ratio of Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes for gut microbiota was reduced by butyrate. In Caco-2 cells, butyrate significantly promoted cell proliferation, decreased inflammatory cytokines' secretion, enhanced cell anti-oxidative stress ability and preserved the epithelial monocellular integrity, which was damaged by LPS. The present findings demonstrated that butyrate supplementation could ameliorate diabetic-endotoxemia in db/db mice via restoring composition of gut microbiota and preserving gut epithelial barrier integrity.

Single-Anastomosis Duodenal Jejunal Bypass Improve Glucose Metabolism by Regulating Gut Microbiota and Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Goto-Kakisaki Rats

“…Contrary to the changes of SCFAs in T2DM, we observed that six SCFAs displayed a significant increase following DJBsa surgery. SCFAs, as a kind of nutrient source, can improve glucose metabolism by binding to the receptors (GPR43, GPR41 and GP9109A) (Kim et al, 2018;Priyadarshini et al, 2018;Xu et al, 2018). Moreover, we also observed that the expression of SCFA receptors (GPR43, GPR41 and GPR109A) and GLP-1 The GLP-1 expression was increased in the intestines as detected by western blotting.…”

Effect of exercise and butyrate supplementation on microbiota composition and lipid metabolism

“…Various concentrations of butyrate (1-10 mM) inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in multiple cancer cell lines (Zuo et al 2013). In this experiment, HepG2 cell were treated with 5 mM butyrate according to the publication by Xu et al (2018). As depicted in Fig.…”

The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Energy Balance With a Focus on the Gut-Adipose Tissue Axis

“…A recent study proposed that butyrate mediates the thermogenic stimulation of BAT, as administering butyrate sodium to microbiota-depleted mice partially rescues impaired thermogenesis and promotes fat oxidation (Li et al, 2019). Other studies have revealed the association between butyrate administration and improved blood glucose profiles (Xu et al, 2018), obesity-related lipid accumulation, and low-grade chronic inflammation (Fang et al, 2019). Fang et al (2019) confirmed that administering sodium butyrate to mice re-shapes their gut microbiota composition to favor an improved intestinal barrier, leading to lower serum lipopolysaccharide concentrations.…”