Socioprofessional trajectories and mortality in France, 1976–2002: a longitudinal follow-up of administrative data

Karimi, Maryam; Geoffroy‐Perez, Béatrice; Fouquet, Annie; Latouche, Aurélien; Rey, Grégoire

doi:10.1136/jech-2014-204615

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The choice of having more robust categories, keeping aggregated ESeC classes 7, 8 and 9 (low grade non-manual, skilled manual and unskilled manual workers), may have led to an underestimation of the actual occupational social gradient, likely of magnitude similar to that for education, considering the relative proportions of these workers’ groups and the differences in mortality observed between them in other studies [3,5,12,28,65,70]. Again, the small and non-significant occupational gradient in mortality found among women seems in contrast with the higher risks observed in several other studies investigating mortality [5,65,71–75] or morbidity [7,76,77], although in most studies the gradient was lower than among men and in some others no or only slight increases in risk were found [70,78–81]. The shallower social gradient observed among women, compared to other reports in the literature, appears difficult to explain and may be related to specific features of some of the cohorts examined (e.g.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 67%

Socioeconomic indicators in epidemiologic research: A practical example from the LIFEPATH study

et al. 2017

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BackgroundSeveral social indicators have been used in epidemiological research to describe socioeconomic position (SEP) of people in societies. Among SEP indicators, those more frequently used are education, occupational class and income. Differences in the incidence of several health outcomes have been reported consistently, independently from the indicator employed. Main objectives of the study were to present the socioeconomic classifications of the social indicators which will be employed throughout the LIFEPATH project and to compare social gradients in all-cause mortality observed in the participating adult cohorts using the different SEP indicators.MethodsInformation on the available social indicators (education, own and father’s occupational class, income) from eleven adult cohorts participating in LIFEPATH was collected and harmonized. Mortality by SEP for each indicator was estimated by Poisson regression on each cohort and then evaluated using a meta-analytical approach.ResultsIn the meta-analysis, among men mortality was significantly inversely associated with both occupational class and education, but not with father’s occupational class; among women, the increase in mortality in lower social strata was smaller than among men and, except for a slight increase in the lowest education category, no significant differences were found.ConclusionsAmong men, the proposed three-level classifications of occupational class and education were found to predict differences in mortality which is consistent with previous research. Results on women suggest that classifying them through their sole SEP, without considering that of their partners, may imply a misclassification of their social position leading to attenuation of mortality differences.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 67%

Socioeconomic indicators in epidemiologic research: A practical example from the LIFEPATH study

et al. 2017

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“…stable high/low and upward/downward movements). Studies using these methodologies have for example found that mobile people have a higher risk of all-cause mortality compared to non-mobile individuals [17] or to the stable in the highest class [18, 19]. Similarly, a downwardly mobile trajectory has been found to be more detrimental for mental health than being stable [20], and improvements in occupational prestige across mid-life has been linked to a more favorable health development [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intragenerational social mobility and functional somatic symptoms in a northern Swedish context: analyses of diagonal reference models

Jönsson

Sebastián

Hammarström

et al. 2017

Int J Equity Health

136

147

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BackgroundResearch indicate that social class mobility could be potentially important for health, but whether this is due to the movement itself or a result of people having been integrated in different class contexts is, to date, difficult to infer. In addition, although several theories suggest that transitions between classes in the social hierarchy can be stressful experiences, few studies have empirically examined whether such movements may have health effects, over and above the implications of “being” in these classes. In an attempt to investigate whether intragenerational social mobility is associated with functional somatic symptoms in mid-adulthood, the current study tests three partially contrasting theories.MethodThe dissociative theory suggests that mobility in general and upward mobility in particular may be linked to psychological distress, while the falling from grace theory indicates that downward mobility is especially stressful. In contrast, the acculturation theory holds that the health implications of social mobility is not due to the movement itself but attributed to the class contexts in which people find themselves. Diagonal Reference Models were used on a sample of 924 individuals who in 1981 graduated from 9th grade in the municipality of Luleå, Sweden. Social mobility was operationalized as change in occupational class between age 30 and 42 (measured in 1995 and 2007). The health outcome was functional somatic symptoms at age 42, defined as a clustering self-reported physical symptoms, palpitation and sleeping difficulties during the last 12 months.ResultsOverall mobility was not associated with higher levels of functional somatic symptoms compared to being immobile (p = 0.653). After controlling for prior and current class, sex, parental social position, general health, civil status, education and unemployment, the association between downward mobility was borderline significant (p = 0.055) while upward mobility was associated with lower levels of functional somatic symptoms (p = 0.03).ConclusionThe current study did not find unanimous support for any of the theories. Nevertheless, it sheds light on the possibility that upward mobility may be beneficial to reduce stress-related health problems in mid-life over and above the exposure to prior and current class, while downward mobility can be of less importance for middle-age health complaints.

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“…A French study conducted on a semipublic and private sector population showed that men with high transition rates between different occupational groups had higher mortality rates. 28 Anticipation of job loss has also been shown to negatively affect health status, even before the event has taken place. 29 Norwegian agriculture has experienced extensive changes during the last decades, as in most developed countries, 18 which have led to large numbers of farmers leaving the occupation, while the size of the average farm grows bigger.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symptoms of depression and all-cause mortality in farmers, a cohort study: the HUNT study, Norway

et al. 2016

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ObjectivesTo explore all-cause mortality and the association between symptoms of depression and all-cause mortality in farmers compared with other occupational groups, using a prospective cohort design.MethodsWe included adult participants with a known occupation from the second wave of the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (Helseundersøkelsen i Nord-Trøndelag 2 (HUNT2) 1995–1997), Norway. Complete information on emigration and death from all causes was obtained from the National Registries. We used the depression subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) to measure symptoms of depression. We compared farmers to 4 other occupational groups. Our baseline study population comprised 32 618 participants. Statistical analyses were performed using the Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsThe estimated mortality risk in farmers was lower than in all other occupations combined, with a sex and age-adjusted HR (0.91, 95% CI 0.82 to 1.00). However, farmers had an 11% increased age-adjusted and sex-adjusted mortality risk compared with the highest ranked socioeconomic group (HR 1.11, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.25). In farmers, symptoms of depression were associated with a 13% increase in sex-adjusted and age-adjusted mortality risk (HR 1.13, 95% CI 0.88 to 1.45). Compared with other occupations this was the lowest HR, also after adjusting for education, marital status, long-lasting limiting somatic illness and lifestyle factors (HR 1.08, 95% CI 0.84 to 1.39).ConclusionsFarmers had lower all-cause mortality compared with the other occupational groups combined. Symptoms of depression were associated with an increased mortality risk in farmers, but the risk increase was smaller compared with the other occupational groups.

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Socioprofessional trajectories and mortality in France, 1976–2002: a longitudinal follow-up of administrative data

Cited by 12 publications

References 35 publications

Socioeconomic indicators in epidemiologic research: A practical example from the LIFEPATH study

Socioeconomic indicators in epidemiologic research: A practical example from the LIFEPATH study

Intragenerational social mobility and functional somatic symptoms in a northern Swedish context: analyses of diagonal reference models

Symptoms of depression and all-cause mortality in farmers, a cohort study: the HUNT study, Norway

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