Socioeconomic status and lung cancer risk in Canada

Mao, Yang; Ji, Hu; Ugnat, Anne-Marie; Semenciw, Robert; Fincham, Shirley

doi:10.1093/ije/30.4.809

Cited by 115 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…This study showed a general inverse relationship between SES and lung cancer incidence risk for all population groups, and a larger gradient exists in males. This result was consistent with the findings of several previous studies (Mao et al 2001;van Loon et al 1995). To explain the socioeconomic disparities in the lung cancer risk, further study is needed, such as the exploration of occupational differences between males and females in Georgia.…”

Section: Sensitivity Analysissupporting

confidence: 91%

Hierarchical Bayesian modeling of spatio-temporal patterns of lung cancer incidence risk in Georgia, USA: 2000–2007

Yin

Madden

et al. 2014

J Geogr Syst

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Abstract:Lung cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in both men and women in Georgia, USA. However, the spatio-temporal patterns of lung cancer risk in Georgia have not been fully studied. Hierarchical Bayesian models are used here to explore the spatio-temporal patterns of lung cancer incidence risk by race and gender in Georgia for the period of 2000-2007. With the census tract level as the spatial scale and the 2-year period aggregation as the temporal scale, we compare a total of seven Bayesian spatio-temporal models including two under a separate modeling framework and five under a joint modeling framework. One joint model outperforms others based on the deviance information criterion. Results show that the northwest region of Georgia has consistently high lung cancer incidence risk for all population groups during the study period. In addition, there are inverse relationships between the socioeconomic status and the lung cancer incidence risk among all Georgian population groups, and the relationships in males are stronger than those in females. By mapping more reliable variations in lung cancer incidence risk at a relatively fine spatio-temporal scale for different Georgian population groups, our study aims to better support healthcare performance assessment, etiological hypothesis generation, and health policy making.

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Section: Sensitivity Analysissupporting

confidence: 91%

Hierarchical Bayesian modeling of spatio-temporal patterns of lung cancer incidence risk in Georgia, USA: 2000–2007

Yin

Madden

et al. 2014

J Geogr Syst

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“…9,10 This study has also shown an inverse relationship between socioeconomic status and lung cancer, contrary to what has been observed in studies from developed countries. 11 Nevertheless, the findings presented in this paper are supported by the fact that in Mexico the prevalence and intensity of tobacco smoking is higher as income or educational level rises. 12,13 Regarding passive smoking, this study finds an odds ratio close to two, very similar to that found in other studies conducted in different parts of the world.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Role of active and passive smoking on lung cancer etiology in Mexico City

Franco‐Marina

Caloca²,

Corcho-Berdugo³

2006

Salud pública Méx

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Resumen Objetivo: Estimar la asociación entre tabaquismo pasivo y activo y cáncer pulmonar (CP) en la Ciudad de México (CM), así como los riesgos atribuibles asociados. Material y métodos: Se analiza un estudio multicéntrico de casoscontroles con base poblacional, realizado en la CM. Resultados: Las RM para CP en alguna vez fumadores fueron de 6.2 (IC 95% 3.9, 10.2) en hombres y 2.8 (IC 95% 1.7, 4.4) en mujeres. La exposición pasiva al tabaco mostró una RM en ambos sexos de 1.8 (IC 95% 1.3, 2.6), similar en ambos sexos. Los riesgos atribuibles asociados al tabaquismo activo para ambos sexos, hombres y mujeres fueron de 55, 76 y 27%, respectivamente. El riesgo atribuible para tabaquismo fue de 17% en mujeres, 3.9% en hombres y 12% en ambos sexos. Conclusiones: En la CM el tabaquismo explica una fracción menor de casos de CP que el estimado en países desarrollados. Esto se debe a que en México la intensidad del tabaquismo es menor.Palabras clave: cáncer pulmonar, tabaquismo, razón de momios, riesgo atribuible, métodos epidemiológicos, casos-control; México AbstractObjective. To estimate the association between passive and active smoking exposures and lung cancer in Mexico City and the corresponding attributable risks. Material and Methods. Data was analyzed from a multicenter population-based case-control study conducted in Mexico City. Results. ORs for lung cancer in ever smokers were 6.2 (95% CI 3.9-10.2) for males and 2.8 (95% CI 1.7-4.4) for females. Passive smoking at home showed an overall OR of 1.8 (95% CI 1.3-2.6), similar in both genders. Attributable risk for active smoking for both genders combined, and for males and females separately, was estimated at 55, 76 and 27%, respectively. Attributable risk for passive smoking at home was 17% for females, 3.9% for males and 12% for the entire population. Conclusions. In Mexico City smoking is attributable to a smaller proportion of lung cancer cases than in developed countries. This is explained by a lower intensity of smoking in the Mexican population.

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“…Among women, the socioeconomic gradient in risk tends to be negative (i.e., poorer women are more affected than richer ones) for lung, stomach, esophagus, and cervical cancer, whereas a positive association (richer women are more affected than poorer ones) has been observed for skin melanoma and cancers of the colon, breast, and ovaries (1). A variety of measures of SES have been applied in different studies, but the associations seem to be relatively consistent in Western countries with income (2-9), socioeconomic group (8,(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19), and level of education (2-4, 7-10, 19-21). Several of these studies are large ecological or record linkage studies that have given convincing evidence of the associations between SES and cancer risk, but their lack of individual information on exposures impairs an examination of underlying causal factors related to SES in cancer causation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One case-control study has investigated the effect of tobacco and alcohol consumption (known carcinogens) on 35 cancer sites (4), whereas another case-control study has considered the role of physical activity (potentially cancer preventive) on 15 sites (15). Other casecontrol studies have been able to control for several potential confounders in the analyses of selected cancers (7,8,22). However, prospective studies addressing the effect of SES on cancer risk are scarce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explaining the Socioeconomic Variation in Cancer Risk in the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study

Br̈aaten

Weiderpass

Kumle

et al. 2005

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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Associations between level of education and cancer risk is well supported by scientific evidence, but previous studies could only partly adjust for relevant confounding factors. In this article, we examined how risk of cancer varies with level of education and identified factors that explain this variation using data from a prospective cohort study, including 93,638 Norwegian women who responded to an extensive questionnaire in 1991/1992 or 1996/1997. A total of 3,259 incident primary invasive cancer cases were diagnosed during followup, which ended in December 2001. We used Cox proportional hazards model to calculate relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Besides a similar overall risk of female cancers by level of education, we observed differing risks between educational groups for cancers of the lung, breast, cervix, kidney, and skin melanoma. Women with >16 years of education had an increased risk of breast cancer (RR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.19-1.79) and a decreased risk of lung cancer (RR, 0.30; 95% CI, 0.13-0.70) and cervical cancer (RR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.17-0.85) compared with the lowest educated women (7-9 years). The middle educated (13-16 years) had the lowest risk of kidney cancer (RR, 0.24; 95% CI, 0.08-0.71), whereas the risk of skin melanoma was highest among women with 10 to 12 years of education (RR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.05-2.24) compared with the lowest educated women. After multivariate adjustment for potential confounders related to level of education, the variation in cancer risk according to educational levels declined into nonsignificance for all these sites. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2005;14(11):2591 -7)

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Socioeconomic status and lung cancer risk in Canada

Abstract: A statistically significant association between income adequacy, education social class and lung cancer risk was found.

Cited by 115 publications

References 29 publications

Hierarchical Bayesian modeling of spatio-temporal patterns of lung cancer incidence risk in Georgia, USA: 2000–2007

Hierarchical Bayesian modeling of spatio-temporal patterns of lung cancer incidence risk in Georgia, USA: 2000–2007

Role of active and passive smoking on lung cancer etiology in Mexico City

Explaining the Socioeconomic Variation in Cancer Risk in the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study

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