Socioeconomic status and central adiposity as determinants of stress-related biological responses relevant to cardiovascular disease risk

Steptoe, Andrew; Hiltl, Tanja-Julia; Dowd, Jennifer Beam; Hamer, Mark

doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2018.11.019

Cited by 21 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…There were no differences in post-stress recovery, or in heart rate reactivity and recovery. These findings were independent of grade of employment and income, so do not reflect the links with objective SES that have previously been identified (33,44). Nor were there differences between financial strain groups in subjective stress responses to tasks, so the pattern of BP responses does not appear to relate to individual differences in subjective experience.…”

Section: A C C E P T E Dcontrasting

confidence: 47%

“…The first blood sample was drawn. Two 5-minute behavioral tasks were used as mental stressors: a color-word interference task and mirror tracing activity, administered in random order (33). Participants then rested quietly for 75 minutes,…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The participants in this study were recruited from September 2006 through April 2008 from the Whitehall II cohort of British civil servants as part of the Heart Scan Study, an investigation of SES, acute biological responses to stress, and coronary artery calcification (32,33). No history or…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations Between Financial Strain and Emotional Well-Being With Physiological Responses to Acute Mental Stress

2020

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This manuscript has been accepted by the editors of Psychosomatic Medicine, but it has not yet been copy-edited; information within these pages is therefore subject to change. During the copy-editing and production phases, language usage and any textual errors will be corrected, and pages will be composed into their final format.Please visit the journal's website (www.psychosomaticmedicine.org) to check for a final version of the article.When citing this article, please use the following: Psychosomatic Medicine (in press) and include the article's digital object identifier (DOI).

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Section: A C C E P T E Dcontrasting

confidence: 47%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations Between Financial Strain and Emotional Well-Being With Physiological Responses to Acute Mental Stress

2020

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“…We relied on waist circumference measures as a proxy in this analysis. Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) provides a measure of visceral fat, thought to better account for differences in body structure compared with BMI, and highly correlated with chronic stress [ 33 , 34 ]. However, other studies suggest that WHR and waist circumference both perform better at predicting mortality outcomes compared with BMI [ 35 , 36 , 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Allostatic Load with All-Cause and Cancer Mortality by Race and Body Mass Index in the REGARDS Cohort

Akinyemiju

Wilson

Deveaux

et al. 2020

Cancers

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Among 29,701 Black and White participants aged 45 years and older in the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Difference in Stroke (REGARDS) study, allostatic load (AL) was defined as the sum score of established baseline risk-associated biomarkers for which participants exceeded a set cutoff point. Cox proportional hazard regression was utilized to determine the association of AL score with all-cause and cancer-specific mortality, with analyses stratified by body-mass index, age group, and race. At baseline, Blacks had a higher AL score compared with Whites (Black mean AL score: 2.42, SD: 1.50; White mean AL score: 1.99, SD: 1.39; p < 0.001). Over the follow-up period, there were 4622 all-cause and 1237 cancer-specific deaths observed. Every unit increase in baseline AL score was associated with a 24% higher risk of all-cause (HR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.22, 1.27) and a 7% higher risk of cancer-specific mortality (HR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.12). The association of AL with overall- and cancer-specific mortality was similar among Blacks and Whites and across age-groups, however the risk of cancer-specific mortality was higher among normal BMI than overweight or obese participants. In conclusion, a higher baseline AL score was associated with increased risk of all-cause and cancer-specific mortality among both Black and White participants. Targeted interventions to patient groups with higher AL scores, regardless of race, may be beneficial as a strategy to reduce all-cause and cancer-specific mortality.

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“…IL-6 is also the major cytokine associated with chronic psychosocial and environmental stress in epidemiologic studies. For example, the list of factors reported to increase circulating IL-6 levels include lower SES ( 72 – 74 ), higher levels of neighborhood deprivation, and lower levels of neighborhood safety ( 75 ). Additionally, elevated IL-6 levels are present in older adults living in communities with greater poverty and racial segregation ( 76 ).…”

Section: Markers Of Social Position and The Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Disparities in COVID-19: Addressing the Role of Social Determinants of Health in Immune System Dysfunction to Turn the Tide

Baumer

Farmer

Premeaux

et al. 2020

Front. Public Health

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It is evident that health disparities exist during the COVID-19 pandemic, a pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Underlying reasons for COVID-19 health disparities are multi-factorial. However, social determinants, including those regarding socioeconomic status, social inequalities, health behaviors, and stress, may have implications on these disparities. Exposure to one or more of these social determinants is associated with heightened inflammatory responses, particularly increases in the cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6), as well as immune system dysfunction. Thus, an amplified effect during COVID-19 could occur, potentially resulting in vulnerable patients experiencing an intensified cytokine storm due to a hyperactive and dysfunctional immune response. Further understanding how social determinants play a mechanistic role in COVID-19 disparities could potentially help reduce health disparities overall and in future pandemics.

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Socioeconomic status and central adiposity as determinants of stress-related biological responses relevant to cardiovascular disease risk

Cited by 21 publications

References 62 publications

Associations Between Financial Strain and Emotional Well-Being With Physiological Responses to Acute Mental Stress

Associations Between Financial Strain and Emotional Well-Being With Physiological Responses to Acute Mental Stress

Association of Allostatic Load with All-Cause and Cancer Mortality by Race and Body Mass Index in the REGARDS Cohort

Health Disparities in COVID-19: Addressing the Role of Social Determinants of Health in Immune System Dysfunction to Turn the Tide

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