Socioeconomic status and C-reactive protein levels in the US population: NHANES IV

Alley, Dawn E.; Seeman, Teresa E.; Kim, Jung Ki; Karlamangla, Arun S.; Hu, Peifeng; Crimmins, Eileen M.

doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2005.10.003

Cited by 170 publications

(170 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Other studies, including samples with similarly restricted age ranges, found direct associations, although both sexes were affected in most studies (22,23). Notably, the effect of age in women persisted even when adjusted for all socioeconomic, anthropometric and behavioral variables.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Correlates of C-reactive protein levels in young adults: a population-based cohort study of 3827 subjects in Brazil

Nazmi

Oliveira

Victora

2008

Braz J Med Biol Res

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The socio-demographic, behavioral and anthropometric correlates of C-reactive protein levels were examined in a representative young adult Brazilian population. The 1982 Pelotas Birth Cohort Study (Brazil) recruited over 99% of births in the city of Pelotas that year (N = 5914). Individuals belonging to the cohort have been prospectively followed up. In 2004up. In -2005.4% of the cohort was traced, members were interviewed and 3827 individuals donated blood. Analyses of the outcome were based on a conceptual model that differentiated confounders from potential mediators. The following independent variables were studied in relation to levels of C-reactive protein in sex-stratified analyses: skin color, age, family income, education, parity, body mass index, waist circumference, smoking, fat/fiber/alcohol intake, physical activity, and minor psychiatric disorder. Geometric mean (95% confidence interval) C-reactive protein levels for the 1919 males and 1908 females were 0.89 (0.84-0.94) and 1.96 mg/L (1.85-2.09), respectively. Pregnant women and those using oral contraceptive therapies presented the highest C-reactive protein levels and all sub-groups of women had higher levels than men (P < 0.001). Significant associations between C-reactive protein levels were observed with age, socioeconomic indicators, obesity status, smoking, fat and alcohol intake, and minor psychiatric disorder. Associations were stronger at higher levels of C-reactive protein and some associations were sex-specific. We conclude that both distal (socio-demographic) and proximal (anthropometric and behavioral) factors exert strong effects on C-reactive protein levels and that the former are mediated to some degree by the latter.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Correlates of C-reactive protein levels in young adults: a population-based cohort study of 3827 subjects in Brazil

Nazmi

Oliveira

Victora

2008

Braz J Med Biol Res

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“…Poverty is a risk factor that brings about segregation, violence, poor health, and school underachievement. Poor or low-income families are, in the first place, more likely to have partial or no health insurance coverage and therefore, tend to suffer more diseases and reduced life expectancy (Alley, Seeman, Kim, Hu, & Crimmins, 2006). According to Alley et al (2006), low-income individuals develop earlier conditions like heart disease, diabetes, cancer and psychological issues.…”

Section: Why Not To Blame the Poormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Poor or low-income families are, in the first place, more likely to have partial or no health insurance coverage and therefore, tend to suffer more diseases and reduced life expectancy (Alley, Seeman, Kim, Hu, & Crimmins, 2006). According to Alley et al (2006), low-income individuals develop earlier conditions like heart disease, diabetes, cancer and psychological issues. Lack of opportunities, isolation, and community and domestic violence seem endemic in lower-SES environments, leading to dysfunctional problems (Doll & Lyon, 1998).…”

Section: Why Not To Blame the Poormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Social inequality generates significant stress that hinders mental adjustment (Alley et al, 2006;D'Angiulli, Lipina, & Olesinska, 2012;Evans & Kim, 2013), predisposes to learned helplessness (Abramson et al, 1978), hopelessness (Bolland, 2003), and lack of competence (D' Angiulli et al, 2012;Masten, Desjardins, McCormick, Kuo, & Long, 2010).…”

Section: Poverty Related Stress: Maltreatment and Neglectmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Implications of Socioeconomic Status on Academic Competence: A Perspective for Teachers

Cedeño¹,

Martínez-Arias²,

Bueno³

2016

IES

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Studies suggest that socioeconomic status is a strong predictor of academic achievement. This theoretical paper proposes that despite the fact that low-socioeconomic status represents a risk factor that seems to undermine attentional skills and thus academic achievement, emerging evidence suggests the potential of new approaches, interventions and cognitive training programs to reverse the negative effects of poverty. The evidence presented in this paper may be of particular interest for teachers because it provides a larger scope to better understand the implications of socioeconomic status on learning and school achievement. This paper intends to make teachers aware that today more than ever they count on important knowledge and valuable resources like cognitive training intervention programs to help students. These intervention programs correct dysfunctional attention bringing hope to socially disadvantaged students who struggle in school.

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“…Inflammation is activated similarly by a diverse range of health risk behaviors (poor diet, lack of exercise, and sleep disturbance) and environmental challenges [low socioeconomic status (SES), psychosocial stress] (10)(11)(12)(13)(14). Elevated inflammation markers are part of the phenomenology of common psychological disorders (particularly depression) across the lifespan (for reviews, refs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood bullying involvement predicts low-grade systemic inflammation into adulthood

Copeland

Wolke

Lereya

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

238

191

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Significance Bullying is a common childhood experience that affects children at all income levels and racial/ethnic groups. Being a bully victim has long-term adverse consequences on physical and mental health and financial functioning, but bullies themselves display few ill effects. Here, we show that victims suffer from greater increases in low-grade systemic inflammation from childhood to young adulthood than are seen in others. In contrast, bullies showed lower increases in inflammation into adulthood compared with those uninvolved in bullying. Elevated systemic low-grade inflammation is a mechanism by which this common childhood social adversity may get under the skin to affect adult health functioning, even many years later.

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Socioeconomic status and C-reactive protein levels in the US population: NHANES IV

Cited by 170 publications

References 34 publications

Correlates of C-reactive protein levels in young adults: a population-based cohort study of 3827 subjects in Brazil

Correlates of C-reactive protein levels in young adults: a population-based cohort study of 3827 subjects in Brazil

Implications of Socioeconomic Status on Academic Competence: A Perspective for Teachers

Childhood bullying involvement predicts low-grade systemic inflammation into adulthood

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