Socioeconomic disparity and the risk of contracting COVID-19 in South Korea: an NHIS-COVID-19 database cohort study

Oh, Tak Kyu; Choi, Jae Wook; Song, In Ae

doi:10.1186/s12889-021-10207-y

Cited by 46 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…These factors could be related to employment in industries that do not allow work from home options, for example taxi services or warehouse workers, or related to employment in areas that have already experienced outbreaks, such as the meat-packing plants in Brooks. While it does not evaluate mortality from COVID-19, this finding from Alberta is consistent with those from other locales worldwide ( 8 – 11 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Pre-Vaccine Positivity of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Alberta, Canada during the First Two Waves of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Charlton

Nguyen

Bailey³

et al. 2021

Microbiol Spectr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Using SARS-CoV-2 serology testing, we assessed the proportion of people in Alberta, Canada (population 4.4 million) positive for COVID-19 antibodies, indicating previous infection, during the first two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic (prior to vaccination programs). Linking these results with sociodemographic population data provides valuable information as to which groups of the population are more likely to have been infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus to help facilitate public health decision-making and interventions.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Pre-Vaccine Positivity of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Alberta, Canada during the First Two Waves of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Charlton

Nguyen

Bailey³

et al. 2021

Microbiol Spectr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This is likely to be explained by the effect of socioeconomic status. Oh et al found that lower socioeconomic status was associated with a higher risk of contracting COVID-19 in South Korea especially in the older population [14] [15]. Comorbidity profiles and dialysis modality were comparable in our general dialysis population [16].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Mortality and associated risk factors of COVID-19 infection in dialysis patients in Qatar: A nationwide cohort study

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Context Patients on maintenance dialysis are more susceptible to COVID-19 and its severe form. We studied the mortality and associated risks of COVID-19 infection in dialysis patients in the state of Qatar. Methods This was an observational, analytical, retrospective, nationwide study. We included all adult patients on maintenance dialysis therapy who tested positive for COVID-19 (PCR assay of the nasopharyngeal swab) during the period from February 1, 2020, to July 19, 2020. Our primary outcome was to study the mortality of COVID-19 in dialysis patients in Qatar and risk factors associated with it. Our secondary objectives were to study incidence and severity of COVID-19 in dialysis patients and comparing outcomes between hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients. Patient demographics and clinical features were collected from a national electronic medical record. Univariate Cox regression analysis was performed to evaluate potential risk factors for mortality in our cohort. Results 76 out of 1064 dialysis patients were diagnosed with COVID-19 (age 56±13.6, 56 hemodialysis and 20 peritoneal dialysis, 56 males). During the study period, 7.1% of all dialysis patients contracted COVID-19. Male dialysis patients had double the incidence of COVID-19 than females (9% versus 4.5% respectively; p<0.01). The most common symptoms on presentation were fever (57.9%), cough (56.6%), and shortness of breath (25%). Pneumonia was diagnosed in 72% of dialysis patients with COVID-19. High severity manifested as 25% of patients requiring admission to the intensive care unit, 18.4% had ARDS, 17.1% required mechanical ventilation, and 14.5% required inotropes. The mean length of hospital stay was 19.2 ± -12 days. Mortality due to COVID-19 among our dialysis cohort was 15%. Univariate Cox regression analysis for risk factors associated with COVID-19-related death in dialysis patients showed significant increases in risks with age (OR 1.077, CI 95%(1.018–1.139), p = 0.01), CHF and COPD (both same OR 8.974, CI 95% (1.039–77.5), p = 0.046), history of DVT (OR 5.762, CI 95% (1.227–27.057), p = 0.026), Atrial fibrillation (OR 7.285, CI 95%(2.029–26.150), p = 0.002), hypoxia (OR: 16.6; CI 95%(3.574–77.715), p = <0.001), ICU admission (HR30.8, CI 95% (3.9–241.2), p = 0.001), Mechanical ventilation (HR 50.07 CI 95% (6.4–391.2)), p<0.001) and using inotropes(HR 19.17, CI 95% (11.57–718.5), p<0.001). In a multivariate analysis, only ICU admission was found to be significantly associated with death [OR = 32.8 (3.5–305.4), p = 0.002)]. Conclusion This is the first study to be conducted at a national level in Qatar exploring COVID-19 in a dialysis population. Dialysis patients had a high incidence of COVID-19 infection and related mortality compared to previous reports of the general population in the state of Qatar (7.1% versus 4% and 15% versus 0.15% respectively). We also observed a strong association between death related to COVID-19 infection in dialysis patients and admission to ICU.

show abstract

“…23 A study from Brazil reported that those with low education attainment were more likely to die from COVID-19 (OR 1.13, CI 1.07-1.19). 24 Increased deaths among the poor and low educational status patients has also been reported in recent studies from USA, 25 South Korea, 26 and African countries. 27 An epidemiological study in Santiago, Chile report a strong association between socioeconomic status and mortality, measured either by COVID-19 attributed deaths or excess deaths with greater caser-fatality rates in the young people in deprived localities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Socioeconomic Status and COVID-19 Related Outcomes in India: Hospital Based Study

Sharma

Gupta

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background & Objective: COVID-19 infection has disproportionately affected ethnic minorities and deprived populations in Europe and North America. Influence of socioeconomic status on COVID-19 related outcomes has not been studied in India. To determine association of educational status, as marker of socioeconomic status, with COVID-19 related outcomes we performed a study. Methods: Clinically and virologically confirmed successive patients of COVID-19 presenting at a government hospital in India were recruited. Demographic and clinical details were recorded. The cohort was classified according to educational status into Group 1- illiterate or < primary, Group 2- higher secondary, and Group 3- some college. To compare outcomes among groups we performed univariate and multivariate logistic regression and odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Results: From March-September 2020 we recruited 4645 patients (men 3386, women 1259) with laboratory confirmed COVID-19. Mean age was 46+18y, most lived in moderate or large households and 30.5% had low educational status. Smoking or tobacco use was in 29.5%, co-morbidities in 28.6% and low oxygen concentration (SpO2 <95%) at admission in 30%. Average length of hospital stay was 6.8+3.7 days, supplemental oxygen was provided in 18.4%, high flow oxygen or non-invasive ventilation 7.1%, and mechanical ventilation in 3.6%. 340 patients (7.3%) died. Group 1 patients were younger, more women, larger households, higher tobacco use and were more hypoxic at admission with lower lymphocyte counts, elevated liver enzymes and greater kidney dysfunction. In Group 1 vs Groups 2 and 3 requirement of oxygen (21.6 vs 16.7 and 17.0%), non-invasive ventilation (8.0 vs 5.9 and 7.1%), invasive ventilation (4.6 vs 3.5 and 3.1%) and deaths (10.0 vs 6.8 and 5.5%) were significantly greater (p<0.05). Compared to Group 3, OR for deaths were significantly higher in Group 1 (1.91, 1.46-2.51) and Group 2 (1.24, 0.93-1.66). Adjustment for age, sex, household size, risk factors and comorbidities led to attenuation in OR in Groups 1 (1.44, 1.07-1.93) and 2 (1.38, 1.02-1.85) that remained with adjustments for clinical and laboratory parameters and oxygen support in Groups 1 (1.38, 0.99-1.93) and 2 (1.52, 1.01-2.11). Conclusion: Illiterate and less educational (socioeconomic) status patients with COVID-19 in India have significantly greater adverse in-hospital outcomes and mortality. This is related to more severe disease at presentation.

show abstract

Socioeconomic disparity and the risk of contracting COVID-19 in South Korea: an NHIS-COVID-19 database cohort study

Cited by 46 publications

References 27 publications

Pre-Vaccine Positivity of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Alberta, Canada during the First Two Waves of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Pre-Vaccine Positivity of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Alberta, Canada during the First Two Waves of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Mortality and associated risk factors of COVID-19 infection in dialysis patients in Qatar: A nationwide cohort study

Socioeconomic Status and COVID-19 Related Outcomes in India: Hospital Based Study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About