Socioeconomic Deprivation and Inequalities in Mental Well-Being during the COVID-19 Pandemic among Adolescents

Klanšček, Helena Jeriček; Furman, L

doi:10.3390/ijerph20136233

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 75 publications

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“…The results on socioeconomic status showed an interesting, differentiated picture: Adolescents with a lower socioeconomic status tended to suffer more often from loneliness and had a worse life satisfaction, while no signi cant differences were found for psychosomatic health complaints within the socioeconomic status groups. This is in line with a study by Jeriček Klanšček & Furman (55), which suggests that self-reported deprivation and economic hardship are signi cant predictors of poor wellbeing and the risk for mental health problems. Even before the pandemic, adolescents with a low socioeconomic status were especially vulnerable to worse mental health (56).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Self-perceived impact of COVID-19 measures and adolescent mental health: gender, age and socioeconomic differences in 22 Countries

Reiss,

Cosma,

Bersia

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background The COVID-19-pandemic had a profound impact on the adolescents’ lives worldwide. In our study, we examined the self-perceived impact of the COVID-19 pandemic measures and its association with mental health and well-being among a representative sample of 13-and 15-years-old adolescents from 22 countries. Methods Data from the cross-national Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) 2021/22 study was used (N = 67,544; 51.9% girls). Self-perceived impact of COVID-19 measures was assessed by 10 items asking about its impact on e.g., relationships with family and friends, health, or eating behaviours. Mental health was evaluated by loneliness, psychosomatic health complaints, and life satisfaction. First, a non-parametric multilevel latent class analysis considering individual, and country-levels was conducted to identify COVID-19 impact groups. Second, logistic regression models adjusted by age and socioeconomic status were applied in order to assess the association between COVID-19 impact classes and mental health. The regression analyses were stratified by gender. Results Three classes were identified on individual level encompassing a neutral (51%), negative (18%) or positive (31%) perception of COVID-19 impact. No heterogeneous results of distribution were found within and across countries. Within the positive impact class, social relationships were the most important dimension, whereas mental health problems were mostly represented within the negative impact class. Adolescents with a negative perception of the COVID-19 showed worse mental health than peers with a neutral or positive perception. Girls with a negative perception showed higher levels of loneliness and psychosomatic health complaints and lower life satisfaction compared to boys and peers with a neutral or positive perception. Older adolescents and those with a low socioeconomic status showed more loneliness and lower life satisfaction. Conclusions The impact of COVID-19 pandemic showed quite heterogeneous patterns both within and across countries. Support interventions and health promotion should focus especially on girls, older adolescents, and those with a low SES as they were at higher risk of suffering from pandemic measures and associated problems of loneliness, psychosomatic complaints, and low life satisfaction. Adolescents are able to reflect on measures that impact their health and therefore should be involved in the decision-making process.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Self-perceived impact of COVID-19 measures and adolescent mental health: gender, age and socioeconomic differences in 22 Countries

Reiss,

Cosma,

Bersia

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Summary of Findings and Conclusions

Fink-Hafner

2024

Party System Changes and Challenges to Democracy

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This chapter summarizes the gaps in the theory about the role of parties in the context of changes in governing, where parties persist as political institutions with different roles in relation to democracy. In explaining the factors that have an impact on the relationship between parties and democracy, the case study confirms the important role of the economy, social inequality, civil society, a state of emergency and external factors (both supportive and damaging). Besides these, it offers additional political factors that have so far been overlooked. It also points to the relevance of variations in party and party system polarization and institutionalization, as well as in party models. The important role of political institutions is demonstrated by comparing Slovenia with other countries. As well as ideas for further comparative research, the conclusions point to the need to research parties and party systems while taking into account macro issues such as changing modes of capitalism, rapid and at the same time major technological innovations, political representation, government, transnational linkages and the accumulation of international crises.

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Adolescents perception of the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions and associated mental health and well-being: gender, age and socioeconomic differences in 22 countries

Reiss,

Cosma,

Bersia

et al. 2024

Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health

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Background The COVID-19-pandemic has had a profound impact on the lives of adolescents worldwide. This study examined the subjective perception of the COVID-19 pandemic measures and its association with mental health and well-being (i.e., loneliness, life satisfaction and multiple health complaints) among 13- and 15-years-old adolescents from 22 countries. Methods Data from the cross-national Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) 2021/22 study were used from representative samples of 22 countries (N = 67,544; 51.9% girls). The self-perceived impact of COVID-19 measure comprised 10 items asking about the impact on several dimensions of adolescent lives (e.g., relationships with family and friends, health, or eating behaviours). Measures of loneliness, multiple health complaints, and life satisfaction were included as indicators of mental health and well-being. A non-parametric multilevel latent class analysis considering individual and country-levels was conducted to identify classes of self-perceived impact of the COVID-19 measures. Multilevel logistic regression models adjusted by age and socioeconomic status were applied to assess the association between COVID-19 measure impact classes and mental health. Results Three classes were identified on individual level encompassing a neutral (51%), positive (31%), or negative (18%) perception of COVID-19 measures. A third of the adolescents reported a positive impact of the pandemic measures. The distribution of classes was heterogeneous within and across countries. Within the positive COVID-19 measure impact class, social relationships were the most important dimension, whereas mental health problems were mostly represented within the negative COVID-19 measure impact class. Girls with a negative perception of pandemic measures showed higher levels of loneliness and multiple health complaints and lower life satisfaction. 15-year-old adolescents and those with a low socioeconomic status reported higher levels of loneliness and lower life satisfaction. Conclusions The majority of adolescents perceived the pandemic measures as neutral or positive. Girls, 15-year-old adolescents, and those with low socioeconomic status were at higher risk of suffering from pandemic measures and associated problems of loneliness, multiple health complaints, and low life satisfaction. We conclude that adolescent’s mental health and well-being should be considered in the decision-making process by ensuring that the unique challenges of adolescents are adequately addressed in policies.

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Socioeconomic Deprivation and Inequalities in Mental Well-Being during the COVID-19 Pandemic among Adolescents

Cited by 4 publications

References 75 publications

Self-perceived impact of COVID-19 measures and adolescent mental health: gender, age and socioeconomic differences in 22 Countries

Self-perceived impact of COVID-19 measures and adolescent mental health: gender, age and socioeconomic differences in 22 Countries

Summary of Findings and Conclusions

Adolescents perception of the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions and associated mental health and well-being: gender, age and socioeconomic differences in 22 countries

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