Socioeconomic and demographic characterization of an endemic malaria region in Brazil by multiple correspondence analysis

Lana, Raquel Martins; Riback, Thaís Irene Souza; Lima, Tiago França Melo de; Silva‐Nunes, Mônica da; Cruz, Oswaldo Gonçalves; Oliveira, Francisco G. S.; Moresco, Gilberto Gilmar; Honório, Nildimar Alves; Codeço, Cláudia Torres

doi:10.1186/s12936-017-2045-z

Cited by 42 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…From the perspective of an extended territory composed of a diversity of urban socio‐spatial forms (Dal'Asta and others ), the localities represent the nodes that structure an urban fabric at the local level. At this scale, our findings corroborate with previous studies (Guedes, Costa, and Brondizio ; Amaral and others ; Pinho and Cardoso ; Lana and others ). There is, in fact, a hierarchy of localities established by their descriptive attributes related to its own organization and structure.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Locality Attributes and Networks Serving to Reveal Amazonian Urbanization beyond the Cities

Dal’Asta

Amaral

2019

Geographical Review

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Beyond the Amazonian cities, distinct spatial units arranged in networks compose an extended urban space, usually invisible to government agencies and public polities. This article empirically reveals this space by studying the localities’ characteristics and connections. In southwestern Pará, Brazil, 236 communities were sampled using field expeditions. Variables related to the locality organization, history, health and education services, urban infrastructure, and land use were explored in a fuzzy cluster analysis. Local production and consumption flows were considered in the locality network analysis. The fuzzy analysis allowed identifying a hierarchy of localities for which the geographical location influences the spatial distribution patterns of five groups. On the other hand, consumption and production networks identified different locality's articulations, with persistent dependence on cities. These results characterize extensive urbanization at the local level and highlights the participation of the local populations configuring the Amazonian territory.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Locality Attributes and Networks Serving to Reveal Amazonian Urbanization beyond the Cities

Dal’Asta

Amaral

2019

Geographical Review

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“…Malaria rates tend to be lower in cities and towns compared with neighbouring rural settings, due to multiple factors such as improved housing and access to healthcare and limited availability of suitable vector-breeding habitats [2]. Nevertheless, malaria cases have been increasingly reported within and near urban centres across the Amazon Basin [3][4][5][6][7] and the Pacific Coast of South America [8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular evidence of sustained urban malaria transmission in Amazonian Brazil, 2014–2015

et al. 2020

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The relative contribution of imported vs. locally acquired infections to urban malaria burden remains largely unexplored in Latin America, the most urbanised region in the developing world. Here we use a simple molecular epidemiology framework to examine the transmission dynamics of Plasmodium vivax in Mâncio Lima, the Amazonian municipality with the highest malaria incidence rate in Brazil. We prospectively genotyped 177 P. vivax infections diagnosed in urban residents between June 2014 and July 2015 and showed that local parasites are structured into several lineages of closely related microsatellite haplotypes, with the largest genetic cluster comprising 32% of all infections. These findings are very unlikely under the hypothesis of multiple independent imports of parasite strains from the rural surroundings. Instead, the presence of an endemic near-clonal parasite lineage circulating over 13 consecutive months is consistent with a local P. vivax transmission chain in the town, with major implications for malaria elimination efforts in this and similar urban environments across the Amazon.

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“…Risk factors for malaria have different levels of determination, from individual to household [8,9,10,11,12]. At the individual level, immunity, genetic background, nutrition, work activities, adherence to preventive practices, travel history, are important determinants of exposure and disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the individual level, immunity, genetic background, nutrition, work activities, adherence to preventive practices, travel history, are important determinants of exposure and disease. At the household level, type of construction, distance to mosquito breeding sites, source of household income, preventive habits and customs are important determinants [9,6]. At the eco-social (community) level, type of landscape, economic activities, human occupation and human mobility are important determinants [8,13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring the Contribution of Mobility on Malaria Persistence

MFdC¹,

Ct²,

Bastos³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract Background: Human mobility is an important determinant of malaria distribution and can explain different patterns of (re)introduction, circulation and persistence of malaria. In order to understand the association between human mobility patterns and the probability of getting malaria, this study revisited a household survey conducted in 2015 in Alto Juruá region, Acre state, Brazil. This region registers one the greatest malaria burden in Brazil. The goal of this work is to estimate the contribution of human commutation to the persistence of malaria. Methods: Data from the origin-destination survey was used to describe the intensity and motivation for commutation between rural settlements and urban areas in two municipalities, Mâncio Lima and Rodrigues Alves. The relative time-person spent in each locality per household was estimated. A logistic regression model was fitted to estimate the effect of commuting on the probability of getting malaria for a householder from a zone of residence commuting to another zone. Results: Our main results suggests that this population is not very mobile. $96\%$ of households reported spending more than $90\%$ of their yearly person-hour at localities within the same zone. Study and work are the most prevalent motivation to displace, $40.5\%$ and $29.5\%$ respectively. Spending person-hours in urban Rodrigues Alves conferred relative protection to the residents of urban Mâncio Lima. On the other hand, spending time in rural Rodrigues Alves increased the probability of malaria, but not significant in rural Mâncio Lima. For urban Rodrigues Alves residents, spending time in urban and rural Mâncio Lima and rural Rodrigues Alves increased the probability of malaria, more so if going to the latter. Conclusion: The results suggests that the place one lives is a stronger determinant of the probability of getting malaria in Alto Juruá region and this can be a natural consequence of the low mobility and the local environment. The heterogeneity of malaria transmission in Brazil highlights the importance of microregion-targeted intervention since their risk signature within each municipality is quite different, despite being direct geographical neighbors. In addition, it is essential that intersectoral public policies be the basis for health mitigation actions.

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Socioeconomic and demographic characterization of an endemic malaria region in Brazil by multiple correspondence analysis

Cited by 42 publications

References 28 publications

Locality Attributes and Networks Serving to Reveal Amazonian Urbanization beyond the Cities

Locality Attributes and Networks Serving to Reveal Amazonian Urbanization beyond the Cities

Molecular evidence of sustained urban malaria transmission in Amazonian Brazil, 2014–2015

Measuring the Contribution of Mobility on Malaria Persistence

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