Sociodemographic risk, parenting, and inhibitory control in early childhood: the role of respiratory sinus arrhythmia

Holochwost, Steven J.; Volpe, Vanessa V.; Gueron‐Sela, Noa; Propper, Cathi B.; Mills‐Koonce, W. Roger

doi:10.1111/jcpp.12889

Cited by 27 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…These findings corroborate recent research findings demonstrating the presence of differential susceptibility in the relationship between family adversity and socioemotional outcomes (e.g., Obradović, Bush, Stamperdahl, Adler, & Boyce, 2010; Sturge-Apple, Suor, Davies, Cicchetti, & Rogosch, 2016). It should be noted that some previous studies testing differential susceptibility models with respect to early caregiving and children's development are inconsistent with the findings of the present study (e.g., Holochwost, Volpe, Gueron-Sela, Propper, & Mills-Koonce, 2018). For example, Gueron-Sela et al (2017) found that the moderating effect of children's resting RSA on early caregiving and executive functioning was consistent with the diathesis-stress not the differential susceptibility model.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Gueron-Sela et al (2017) found that the moderating effect of children's resting RSA on early caregiving and executive functioning was consistent with the diathesis-stress not the differential susceptibility model. Further, Holochwost et al (2018) found that resting RSA, not parenting, moderated cumulative risk exposure on children's inhibitory control.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early experiences of insensitive caregiving and children's self-regulation: Vagal tone as a differential susceptibility factor

2020

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A considerable body of research has linked parenting to the development of children's self-regulation. However, few studies have considered different domains of self-regulation, the effects of early caregiving behaviors, and whether or not parenting influences children equally. Towards this, the present investigation tested how early maternal insensitivity was associated with difficulties in children's effortful control in early childhood and their regulation of negative emotions during the early school years. Further, we tested whether children's resting vagal tone may operate as a susceptibility factor, consistent with differential susceptibility models. The sample included 220 pairs of mothers and their children who were assessed at 18 months, 3.5 years and 5 years of age. Laboratory visits consisted of observational paradigms and survey assessments. Early maternal insensitivity at 18 months of age forecasted difficulties with effortful control at age 3.5. Moreover, effortful control at age 3.5 was associated with greater anger, but not sadness, regulation at age 5. Consistent with differential susceptibility, children's resting vagal tone at 18 months of age moderated the role of early caregiving on children's effortful control. The findings suggest that low resting vagal tone may operate as a differential susceptibility factor in process models testing associations between early caregiving environments and children's self-regulation.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early experiences of insensitive caregiving and children's self-regulation: Vagal tone as a differential susceptibility factor

2020

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“…Family SES and parental behaviors are shown to be predictors of IC in youth [20][21][22][23][24]. In a study on 147 7-10-year-old children, Cabello et al investigated the relationship between parental educational attainment and youth IC as well as aggressive behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental Education and Youth Inhibitory Control in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study: Blacks’ Diminished Returns

Assari

2020

Brain Sciences

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Background: Non-Hispanic Black (NHB) youth are at a higher risk of high-risk behaviors compared to non-Hispanic White (NHW) youth. Some of this racial gap is shown to be due to weaker effects of parental educational attainment on reducing the prevalence of behavioral risk factors such as impulsivity, substance use, aggression, obesity, and poor school performance for NHBs, a pattern called Minorities’ Diminished Returns. These diminishing returns may be due to lower than expected effects of parental education on inhibitory control. Aim: We compared NHW and NHB youth for the effect of parental educational attainment on youth inhibitory control, a psychological and cognitive construct that closely predicts high-risk behaviors such as the use of drugs, alcohol, and tobacco. Methods: This was a cross-sectional analysis that included 4188 youth from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. The independent variable was parental educational attainment. The main outcome was youth inhibitory control measured by the stop-signal task (SST), which was validated by parent reports on the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Results: In race/ethnicity-stratified models, high parental educational attainment was associated with a higher level of inhibitory control for NHB than NHW youth. In the pooled sample, race/ethnicity showed a statistically significant interaction with parental educational attainment on youth inhibitory control suggesting that high parental educational attainment has a smaller boosting effect on inhibitory control for NHB than NHW youth. Conclusion: Parental educational attainment boosts inhibitory control for NHW but not NHB youth. To minimize the racial gap in youth brain development, we need to address societal barriers that diminish the returns of family economic and human resources, particularly parental educational attainment, for racial and ethnic minority youth. Social and public policies should address structural and societal barriers such as social stratification, segregation, racism, and discrimination that hinder NHB parents’ abilities to effectively mobilize their human resources and secure tangible outcomes for their developing youth.

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“…Multivariate general linear modelling (MGLM) analyses were conducted to examine the associations between the two dimensions of self‐regulation and RSA in the same model. Preliminary analyses were carried out including child age, sex, race/ethnicity as covariates because they have been associated with RSA or self‐regulation outcomes in the literature (El‐Sheikh, 2005; Holochwost, Volpe, Gueron‐Sela, Propper, & Mills‐Koonce, 2018). However, none were significant.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With a larger sample, the effects of race/ethnicity and other demographic factors like socio‐economic status (SES) on RSA and self‐regulation could be examined. They are particularly important areas of future work because there is a lack of physiology research with ethnic minority populations and because sociodemographic risk can influence children’s inhibitory control and self‐regulation competencies (Evans & Rosenbaum, 2008; Holochwost et al, 2018). Recent studies have suggested that cultural and social factors shape the meaning of RSA and its relative contributions to outcomes (Keen, Turner, Mwendwa, Callender, & Campbell, 2015; Sturge‐Apple et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring relationship between self‐regulation dimensions and cardiac autonomic functioning in preschoolers

Lee

Kao²,

Doan

2020

British J of Dev Psycho

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The present study examined the association between behavioural dimensions of self‐regulation and respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), a marker of cardiac autonomic functioning in a sample of preschool children in the United States. Sixty‐six children’s emotion‐ and cognitive‐oriented dimensions of self‐regulation were examined with respect to changes in RSA (reactivity and recovery). Results showed that children’s recovery RSA, which indicates the ability to return to homeostasis, but not reactivity, was significantly associated with the cognitive‐oriented self‐regulation.

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Sociodemographic risk, parenting, and inhibitory control in early childhood: the role of respiratory sinus arrhythmia

Abstract: These results suggest that higher levels of RSAB may mitigate the influence of environmental risk on the development of inhibitory control early childhood.

Cited by 27 publications

References 48 publications

Early experiences of insensitive caregiving and children's self-regulation: Vagal tone as a differential susceptibility factor

Early experiences of insensitive caregiving and children's self-regulation: Vagal tone as a differential susceptibility factor

Parental Education and Youth Inhibitory Control in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study: Blacks’ Diminished Returns

Exploring relationship between self‐regulation dimensions and cardiac autonomic functioning in preschoolers

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