Sociodemographic correlates of public stigma about mental illness: a population study on Hong Kong’s Chinese population

Lo, Lincoln Lik Hang; Suen, Yi Nam; Sum, Min Yi; Cheung, Charlton; Hui, Christy Lai Ming; H, Lee; Chang, Wing Chung; Chen, Eric

doi:10.1186/s12888-021-03301-3

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…A recent study examined the link between health literacy skills and diabetes risk among non-diabetic adults in the German population concluding that low health literacy was associated with behaviors that increase the risk of type-2 diabetes such as smoking, inactive lifestyle and poor dietary habits [ 60 ]. Similar correlations have been found for low health literacy and another diseases, including mental illness [ 61 ], cancer screening [ 62 ] or the COVID-19 pandemic [ 63 ], among others. Education level, socioeconomic status and physical limitations to perform routine activities (e.g.…”

Section: Ethical Implications Of Epigenetic-predictive Biomarkerssupporting

confidence: 75%

Ethical implications of epigenetics in the era of personalized medicine

Santaló

Berdasco

2022

Clin Epigenet

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Given the increasing research activity on epigenetics to monitor human diseases and its connection with lifestyle and environmental expositions, the field of epigenetics has attracted a great deal of interest also at the ethical and societal level. In this review, we will identify and discuss current ethical, legal and social issues of epigenetics research in the context of personalized medicine. The review covers ethical aspects such as how epigenetic information should impact patient autonomy and the ability to generate an intentional and voluntary decision, the measures of data protection related to privacy and confidentiality derived from epigenome studies (e.g., risk of discrimination, patient re-identification and unexpected findings) or the debate in the distribution of responsibilities for health (i.e., personal versus public responsibilities). We pay special attention to the risk of social discrimination and stigmatization as a consequence of inferring information related to lifestyle and environmental exposures potentially contained in epigenetic data. Furthermore, as exposures to the environment and individual habits do not affect all populations equally, the violation of the principle of distributive justice in the access to the benefits of clinical epigenetics is discussed. In this regard, epigenetics represents a great opportunity for the integration of public policy measures aimed to create healthier living environments. Whether these public policies will coexist or, in contrast, compete with strategies reinforcing the personalized medicine interventions needs to be considered. The review ends with a reflection on the main challenges in epigenetic research, some of them in a technical dimension (e.g., assessing causality or establishing reference epigenomes) but also in the ethical and social sphere (e.g., risk to add an epigenetic determinism on top of the current genetic one). In sum, integration into life science investigation of social experiences such as exposure to risk, nutritional habits, prejudice and stigma, is imperative to understand epigenetic variation in disease. This pragmatic approach is required to locate clinical epigenetics out of the experimental laboratories and facilitate its implementation into society.

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Section: Ethical Implications Of Epigenetic-predictive Biomarkerssupporting

confidence: 75%

Ethical implications of epigenetics in the era of personalized medicine

Santaló

Berdasco

2022

Clin Epigenet

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“…People with higher education were more likely to seek help in this research, which is in line with the previous study ( 48 ). This can be explained by stigmatization: people with higher education were less stigmatized ( 49 ). Thus, they were often willing to admit having mental health problems and seek help.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Help-Seeking Behaviors and Related Factors in Chinese Patients With Major Depressive Disorder: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Cui¹,

Li²,

Li³

et al. 2022

Front. Psychiatry

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BackgroundAlthough evidence-based and effective treatments are available for people with major depressive disorder (MDD), a substantial number do not seek or receive help. Therefore, this study aimed to (1) investigate the total help-seeking rate and first-time help-seeking choices; (2) explore the perceived helpfulness of 23 potential sources; and (3) evaluate the factors related to help-seeking behaviors among patients with MDD.Materials and MethodsData came from the Tianjin Mental Health Survey (TJMHS), which included a representative sample of adult community residents (n = 11,748) in the Chinese municipality of Tianjin. Of these, 439 individuals were diagnosed with lifetime MDD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-fourth edition (DSM-IV) and administered a help-seeking questionnaire.ResultsIn a survey, 28.2% of patients with MDD living community reported that they had ever sought any help during their entire lifetime before the interview, with 8.2% seeking help in mental healthcare settings, 8.0% only in other healthcare settings, and 12.0% only in non-healthcare sources (e.g., family, friends, and spiritual advisor). Among help-seekers, the first help mainly was sought in non-healthcare sources (61.3%), followed by healthcare settings (25.8%) and mental healthcare settings (12.9%). The majority of MDD individuals thought the non-healthcare sources were not helpful and mental healthcare settings were helpful or possibly helpful to solve mental problems. Female, having 10–12 or higher education years, comorbid anxiety disorders were associated with increased help-seeking.ConclusionA small percentage of individuals with MDD living in community of Tianjin sought help. They preferred non-healthcare sources to healthcare settings. Demographic and clinical features were associated with help-seeking behaviors.

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“…According to the current study, the stigma of depression is pervasive among the majority of participants across all age groups. Here lies the danger of stigma in reaching all age groups and not excluding any age group, According to findings from another study, stigma against mental illness is more prevalent among those who are older [13]The study found that there is a significant difference at 0.05 in the development of stigma and gender, with differences in favor of females, meaning that females have a higher stigma than males. This finding is in line with the study by Suen et al [14] which suggested a connection between the female gender and higher levels of stigma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Stigma and Daily lives among Patients with Major Depressive Disorder in Gaza Governorates

2023

IUGNS

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Background: The most common cause of diseases and dysfunction worldwide is depression. The issue of stigma is common and frequently arises from misunderstandings and a lack of awareness regarding mental illness. Objective: to determine the level of stigma and its effect on depressed patients' daily lives in the Gaza Governorates. Methods: 180 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) were chosen, and a stigma scale was used in the descriptive design. In addition to the data on demographic variables, SPSS 25 was employed for statistical analysis in this study. Results: The study found no variations at a significant level (0.05) in the development of stigma related to age, and the prevalence rate of perceived stigma is 64.5%. While there were significant differences at a significant level (0.05) in the development of stigma based on gender and differences in favor of women, on the other hand, 78.5% of the participants reported that there is a negative effect of stigma on their daily lives. This means that there was a significant relationship between stigma and the daily lives of depressed patients at a significant level (0.05). Conclusion: Stigma negatively affects the daily lives of people with depression. Understanding the stigma's roots, sociodemographic characteristics, and complications is essential to creating successful anti-stigma campaigns.

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Sociodemographic correlates of public stigma about mental illness: a population study on Hong Kong’s Chinese population

Cited by 22 publications

References 43 publications

Ethical implications of epigenetics in the era of personalized medicine

Ethical implications of epigenetics in the era of personalized medicine

Help-Seeking Behaviors and Related Factors in Chinese Patients With Major Depressive Disorder: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Stigma and Daily lives among Patients with Major Depressive Disorder in Gaza Governorates

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