Sociodemographic characteristics of women with invasive cervical cancer in British Columbia, 2004–2013: a descriptive study

Simkin, Jonathan; Smith, Laurie; Niekerk, Dirk van; Caird, Hannah; Dearden, Tania; Hoek, Kimberly van der; Caron, Nadine R.; Woods, Ryan; Peacock, Stuart

doi:10.9778/cmajo.20200139

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…Women of White/ Caucasian race are more commonly diagnosed with cervical cancer (Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, 2022); however, barriers to healthcare access and other sociocultural norms should be considered impacts to this finding. Participant demographics are also similar to Simkin et al's (2021) finding of a demographically similar sample among women in British Columbia. Additionally, the data are representative of the population served by the USA MCI.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Examining the Burden of Self-Blame Attribution Among Women With Cervical Cancer

Minchew,

Cesario,

Richmond

et al. 2023

J Holist Nurs

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Background:Self-blame for past sexual behaviors or for the personal character may be associated with the development of cervical cancer. Purpose: Aims were to understand the burden of self-blame attribution (SBA) among women with cervical cancer by (1) examining relationships between SBA, psychological distress (PD), and spiritual well-being (SWB); (2) determining differences between behavioral (BSB) and characterological self-blame (CSB) attribution; and (3) describing associations between SBA and unwanted past sexual experiences. Methods: Women attending a cancer center in the southeastern United Stats ( N = 106) completed an online survey including a demographic questionnaire and three instruments: (1) SBA for Cancer Scale; (2) Psychological Distress Subscale of the Psychological Adjustment to Cancer Scale—Self Report; and (3) Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy—Spiritual Well-being. Results: Women with cervical cancer, 26–64 years of age, identified moderate levels of SBA, PD, and SWB. Relationships were found between PD, BSB and CSB, and unwanted sexual experiences. Significant inverse correlations between religious faith, BSB, unwanted sexual experiences, and SWB were noted. Unwanted sexual experiences were a significant predictor of SBA. Conclusion: SBA places women at risk for increased burden. Recognizing SBA in vulnerable cancer survivors is important to providing holistic nursing care.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Examining the Burden of Self-Blame Attribution Among Women With Cervical Cancer

Minchew,

Cesario,

Richmond

et al. 2023

J Holist Nurs

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“…These same disparities were reported in the actual occurrence of invasive cervical cancer, where visible minority, Indigenous, unmarried, and rural women have higher-than-expected rates of cervical cancer [23]. Despite the availability of publicly funded programs, social disparities in equitable screening access and cancer incidence persist, suggesting that there continue to be socioeconomic and sociocultural barriers in cervical cancer prevention and control programming [23]. Strategies to reach under-screened groups and eliminate barriers to screening must be implemented, such as mobile screening units, mail-in self-collection HPV sampling kits, community health workers who provide education and information, media campaigns, and direct telephone calls [24,25].…”

Section: Screening and Social Disparitiessupporting

confidence: 65%

“…Under-screened groups in Canada include those with lower educational attainment, lower socioeconomic status, those who are foreign-born, and those of Indigenous identity [22]. These same disparities were reported in the actual occurrence of invasive cervical cancer, where visible minority, Indigenous, unmarried, and rural women have higher-than-expected rates of cervical cancer [23]. Despite the availability of publicly funded programs, social disparities in equitable screening access and cancer incidence persist, suggesting that there continue to be socioeconomic and sociocultural barriers in cervical cancer prevention and control programming [23].…”

Section: Screening and Social Disparitiesmentioning

confidence: 72%

The Path to Eliminating Cervical Cancer in Canada: Past, Present and Future Directions

et al. 2022

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Cervical cancer remains a common cancer affecting women in Canada. While cervical cancer incidence and mortality in Canada have declined for several decades due to the success of organized, provincial cervical cancer screening programs, further decreases will require enhancement of primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention efforts. The present commentary provides a historical overview of cervical cancer trends in Canada, presents current statistics on cervical cancer incidence, mortality and survival, and discusses future directions in relation to cervical cancer elimination.

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“…Among large health regions in BC, breast cancer screening shows differences by geography ( 51 , 52 ) and material deprivation ( 51 ). Significant variations in cervix cancer incidence in BC have been reported by rural-urban classifications, ethnicity/race, smoking, and marital status ( 54 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small area disease mapping of cancer incidence in British Columbia using Bayesian spatial models and the smallareamapp R Package

et al. 2022

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IntroductionThere is an increasing interest in small area analyses in cancer surveillance; however, technical capacity is limited and accessible analytical approaches remain to be determined. This study demonstrates an accessible approach for small area cancer risk estimation using Bayesian hierarchical models and data visualization through the smallareamapp R package.Materials and methodsIncident lung (N = 26,448), female breast (N = 28,466), cervical (N = 1,478), and colorectal (N = 25,457) cancers diagnosed among British Columbia (BC) residents between 2011 and 2018 were obtained from the BC Cancer Registry. Indirect age-standardization was used to derive age-adjusted expected counts and standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) relative to provincial rates. Moran’s I was used to assess the strength and direction of spatial autocorrelation. A modified Besag, York and Mollie model (BYM2) was used for model incidence counts to calculate posterior median relative risks (RR) by Community Health Service Areas (CHSA; N = 218), adjusting for spatial dependencies. Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation (INLA) was used for Bayesian model implementation. Areas with exceedance probabilities (above a threshold RR = 1.1) greater or equal to 80% were considered to have an elevated risk. The posterior median and 95% credible intervals (CrI) for the spatially structured effect were reported. Predictive posterior checks were conducted through predictive integral transformation values and observed versus fitted values.ResultsThe proportion of variance in the RR explained by a spatial effect ranged from 4.4% (male colorectal) to 19.2% (female breast). Lung cancer showed the greatest number of CHSAs with elevated risk (Nwomen = 50/218, Nmen = 44/218), representing 2357 total excess cases. The largest lung cancer RRs were 1.67 (95% CrI = 1.06–2.50; exceedance probability = 96%; cases = 13) among women and 2.49 (95% CrI = 2.14–2.88; exceedance probability = 100%; cases = 174) among men. Areas with small population sizes and extreme SIRs were generally smoothed towards the null (RR = 1.0).DiscussionWe present a ready-to-use approach for small area cancer risk estimation and disease mapping using BYM2 and exceedance probabilities. We developed the smallareamapp R package, which provides a user-friendly interface through an R-Shiny application, for epidemiologists and surveillance experts to examine geographic variation in risk. These methods and tools can be used to estimate risk, generate hypotheses, and examine ecologic associations while adjusting for spatial dependency.

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Sociodemographic characteristics of women with invasive cervical cancer in British Columbia, 2004–2013: a descriptive study

Cited by 9 publications

References 29 publications

Examining the Burden of Self-Blame Attribution Among Women With Cervical Cancer

Examining the Burden of Self-Blame Attribution Among Women With Cervical Cancer

The Path to Eliminating Cervical Cancer in Canada: Past, Present and Future Directions

Small area disease mapping of cancer incidence in British Columbia using Bayesian spatial models and the smallareamapp R Package

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