Sociodemographic Characteristics and Patterns of Suicide in Pakistan: An Analysis of Current Trends

Sattar, Naveed; Tahir, Sania Mumtaz; Imran, Nazish; Rafiq, Bariah; Ayub, Maryam; Haider, Imran; Khan, Murad Moosa

doi:10.1007/s10597-022-01086-7

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…11 Pakistan and Bangladesh are neighboring countries with high population density. Both these countries are passing through demographic transition where bulk of population is in young age group 6 which is also emotionally unstable, hence high burden of suicidal deaths in young age group can be attributed to this feature. In our study 81.7% of suicidal cases were males, which is another important finding.…”

Section: Sample Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiology of suicide: Autopsy audit of five years in an industrial city of Punjab.

Saeed Akbar Tariq,

Mobin Inam Pal,

Sana Iftikhar

et al. 2024

TPMJ

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Objective: To determine the epidemiological pattern of suicidal deaths in an industrial city of Punjab Province over a period of five years as well as to determine the gender and age group mostly affected. Study Design: Retrospective Cross-sectional Descriptive study. Setting: Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Punjab Medical College, Faisalabad. Period: 1st January 2019 to 31st December 2023. Methods: Subjects of the study were victims of suicidal death in areas covered by Police stations where the postmortem was performed in the Mortuary of Punjab Medical College / Faisalabad Medical University. Data was collected from respective official Police records, FIRs and Postmortem reports and recorded on pre-structured proformas. It was categorized on the basis of manner of death, type of weapon, gender and age groups involved. Results: A total of 1329 autopsies were conducted during the Five-year time period from 2019 to 2023 in which 82 cases (6.17%) were labelled as Suicide on Autopsy and Police inquest. The highest percentage of suicides was recorded in year 2020 with 19 out of 254 cases (7.48%). Among the suicidal cases, 81.7% were males predominantly in the age group 20-29 years. It was found that 57.3% cases were reported from the rural areas. Hanging accounted for 65.8% of suicidal deaths making it the major method employed to commit suicide. Conclusion: Our study concluded that 6.71% cases of suicide were reported among all autopsy cases during the five-year time period of 2019-2023. Among these, young males in age group 20-29 years from rural areas were in majority and hanging was the most common method of suicide employed.

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Section: Sample Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recently published study revealed that 2295 suicides were reported during a two-year period (2019,2020) in Pakistan. 6 Suicide is an extremely unfortunate event with multifaceted roots. The probable causes include physical and mental illnesses, disturbed relations, economic crises.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of suicide: Autopsy audit of five years in an industrial city of Punjab.

Saeed Akbar Tariq,

Mobin Inam Pal,

Sana Iftikhar

et al. 2024

TPMJ

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“…Due to fear of societal stigma and legal issues, families withhold information about assault and self-harm and label it as accidental. This cany lead to misclassification and undercounting of cases 9 10…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicide and self-harm by burns in Pakistan: a scoping review protocol

Noorullah,

Pirani,

Bebbington

et al. 2024

BMJ Open

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IntroductionSuicide is a global public health problem. Self-inflicted burns are one of the most severe methods of suicide, with high morbidity and mortality. Low-income and middle-income countries contribute 40% of all suicidal burns. Pakistan lacks comprehensive burns surveillance data, which prevents an understanding of the magnitude of the problem. This scoping review aims to understand the scope of the problem of suicide and self-harm burns in Pakistan and to identify knowledge gaps within the existing literature related to this specific phenomenon.Methods and analysisThis scoping review will follow the methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley. We will search electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane, Google Scholar and Pakmedinet), grey literature and a reference list of relevant articles to identify studies for inclusion. We will look for studies on self-inflicted burns as a method of suicide and self-harm in Pakistan, published from the beginning until December 2023, in the English language. Two independent reviewers will screen all abstracts and full-text studies for inclusion. The data will be collected on a data extraction form developed through an iterative process by the research team and it will be analysed using descriptive statistics.Ethics and disseminationEthical exemption for this study has been obtained from the Institutional Review Board Committee of Aga Khan University Karachi, Pakistan. The findings of the study will be disseminated by conducting workshops for stakeholders, including psychiatrists, psychologists, counsellors, general and public health physicians and policymakers. The findings will be published in national and international peer-reviewed journals.

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“…Suicide is a serious global public health issue ( Cheng et al, 2020 ; World Health Organization, 2021a ; Canbolat and Gençöz, 2023 ; Imran et al, 2023 ; Naveed et al, 2023 ). Every suicide is a tragedy that affects families, communities, and entire countries ( Bengesser et al, 2000 ; World Health Organization, 2021b ) and has long-lasting effects on the people left behind ( Cain, 2002 ; Avrami, 2003 ; Mintz-Binder, 2007 ; Rosenberg, 2017 ; Vidal-Ribas et al, 2021 ; Connell et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Educational agents and institutions called into action in suicide prevention, intervention, and postvention

De Oliveira,

Dueñas,

Morales-Vives

et al. 2023

Front. Psychol.

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IntroductionSuicide is the second leading cause of death in the 15 to 29 age group worldwide, and is a severe public health problem. Adolescent and young adult individuals attend educational institutions which can play an essential role in detecting and preventing suicide. For this reason, the purpose of this research is to identify what educational institutions and agents are called into action in suicide prevention, intervention, and postvention.MethodsThe method of systematic review of the literature based on the PRISMA protocol was used. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (PROSPERO 2020 CRD42020189127). The systematic review yielded 66 articles published between 1990 and February 2023.ResultsThe results show that a wide variety of educational stakeholders are required to intervene for suicide prevention, interventions and postvention between primary education and college. The study describes the different programs that have been provided, the countries in which they have been implemented and the agents who have been targeted. It also identifies gaps in the research on suicide in the educational field.DiscussionOverall, educational suicide initiatives report positive effects on participants’ understanding, attitudes, and beliefs regarding suicide and suicide prevention, although some studies have expressed some caution.

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Sociodemographic Characteristics and Patterns of Suicide in Pakistan: An Analysis of Current Trends

Cited by 9 publications

References 19 publications

Epidemiology of suicide: Autopsy audit of five years in an industrial city of Punjab.

Epidemiology of suicide: Autopsy audit of five years in an industrial city of Punjab.

Suicide and self-harm by burns in Pakistan: a scoping review protocol

Educational agents and institutions called into action in suicide prevention, intervention, and postvention

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