Sociodemographic and hispanic acculturation factors and isolated anotia/microtia

Abstract

BACKGROUND It has been observed in several studies that infants with anotia/microtia are more common among Hispanics compared with other racial/ethnic groups. We examined the association between selected Hispanic ethnicity and acculturation factors and anotia/microtia in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS). METHODS We examined data from mothers of 351 infants with isolated anotia/microtia and 8,435 unaffected infants from the NBDPS with an expected delivery date from 1997 to 2007. Sociodemographic, maternal, and acculturation factors (e.g. age, maternal education, household income, BMI, gestational diabetes, folic acid, smoking, alcohol intake, study center, parental birthplace and years lived in the United States, maternal language) were assessed as overall risk factors and also as risk factors among subgroups of Hispanics (US- and foreign-born) versus non-Hispanic (NH) whites. RESULTS Compared to NH whites, both US- and foreign-born Hispanic mothers demonstrated substantially higher odds of delivering infants with anotia/microtia across nearly all strata of sociodemographic and other maternal factors (adjusted odds ratios (aORs) range: 2.3–8.3). The odds of anotia/microtia was particularly elevated among Hispanic mothers who emigrated from Mexico after age five (aOR=5.67, 95% CI=3.53–9.11) or who conducted the interview in Spanish (aOR=5.72, 95% CI=3.55–9.20). CONCLUSIONS We observed that certain sociodemographic and acculturation factors are associated with higher risks of anotia/microtia among offspring of Hispanic mothers.

Prevalence of selected birth defects by maternal nativity status, United States, 1999–2007

“…Similar patterns were found in the separate analysis of Mexican births to foreign-born and US-born mothers for these conditions except for anotia/microtia (although elevated but not statistically significant). These findings are generally concordant with those reported by Shumate et al (2018), Padula et al (2017), and Hoyt et al (2014). Among infants born to non-Hispanic black women, prevalence was significantly lower for only one condition, pyloric stenosis, while higher prevalence was found for trisomy 13 and 18 among those with foreign-born mothers.…”

“…Previous population-based analyses, conducted through the National Birth Defects Prevention Network (NBDPN), have examined the relationship between race/ethnicity and major birth defects (Canfield et al, 2014), as well as mortality and survival with major birth defects and a detailed examination of trisomy 13 and 18 (Meyer et al, 2016;Wang et al, 2015). Smaller studies have examined the additional role of maternal nativity for specific birth defects (Canfield et al, 2014;Hoyt et al, 2014;Khodr et al, 2013;Ramadhani et al, 2009;Salemi et al, 2009), but no study has examined comprehensive NBDPN data for maternal nativity, race/ethnicity, and country of birth. Using pooled data from 11 U.S. population-based birth defects surveillance programs, this study examines the prevalence of selected major birth defects overall, and by race/ethnicity within maternal nativity status categories.…”

Selected acculturation factors and birth defects in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997–2011

“…Consistent with previous analyses (Hoyt et al, ; Ramadhani et al, ; Zhu et al, ), anotia/microtia was elevated across many of the parental nativity/years lived combinations assessed. Findings for the combined foreign‐born parent group were statistically significant; and furthermore, when this group was stratified into the years lived groupings, BPFs considered together and reporting living a greater number of years in the U.S. (6+) had a statistically significant aOR of ∼2.0 (the highest aOR noted in this analysis).…”

Population‐based birth defects data in the United States, 2011–2015: A focus on eye and ear defects

“…Compared to the eye anomalies evaluated in this data brief, there are substantial racial differences for anotia/microtia. Anotia/microtia occurs more frequently among infants born to Hispanic mothers, either U.S.-or foreign-born, as well as infants born to American Indian/Alaska Native, Filipino and Chinese mothers when compared to other racial/ethnic groups (Hoyt et al, 2014;Canfield et al, 2014;Canfield, Langlois, Nguyen, & Scheuerle, 2009). Similar to defects of the eye, the prevalence of anotia/microtia increases with higher maternal age and lower maternal education (Canfield et al, 2009;Deng et al, 2016).…”