Sociodemographic and clinical profiles of homeless mentally ill admitted in mental health institute of South India: ‘Know the Unknown’ project

Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice

Kumar

Ray

et al. 2019

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Background: Coercion and restraint practices in psychiatric care are common phenomena and often controversial and debatable ethical issue. Caregivers’ attitude and perspective on coercion and restraint practices on psychiatric inpatients have received relatively less research attention till date. Aims: Caregivers’ attitude and perspective on coercion and restraint practices on psychiatric inpatients. Methodology: This is a hospital-based, a descriptive, cross-sectional study. A total of 200 (n = 200) consecutive patient and their caregivers were chosen between June 2013 and September 2014 through computer-generated random numbers sampling technique. We used a semi-structured interview questionnaire to capture caregivers’ attitude and perspective on coercion and restraint practices. Sociodemographic and coercion variable were analyzed using descriptive statistics. McNemar test was used to assess discrete variables. Results: The mean age was 43.8 (±14.9) years. About 67.5% of the caregivers were family members, 60.5% of them were male and 69.5% were from low-socioeconomic status. Caregivers used multiple methods were used to bring patients into the hospital. Threat (52.5%) was the most common method of coercion followed by persuasion (48.5%). Caregivers felt necessary and acceptable to use chemical restraint (82.5%), followed by physical restraint (71%) and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) (56.5%) during acute and emergency psychiatric care to control imminent risk behavior of patients. Conclusion: Threat, persuasion and physical restraint were the common methods to bring patients to bring acutely disturbed patients to mental health care. Most patients caregivers felt the use of chemical restraint, physical restraint and ECT as necessary for acute and emergency care in patients with mental illness.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caregivers’ attitude and perspective on coercion and restraint practices on psychiatric inpatients from South India

Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice

Kumar

Ray

et al. 2019

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“…The NGOs' common objective is to a) identify and admit persons with SMI into their centres, b) treat their mental and physical health impairments, and c) make efforts to rehabilitate and reintegrate them into their communities and families using available local resources. If they cannot reintegrate into the community, they will be housed in the NGO provided housing [59][60][61][62].…”

Section: Housing Firstmentioning

confidence: 99%

Models of Care of Schizophrenia in the Community—An International Perspective

Isaac

2022

Curr Psychiatry Rep

Purpose of Review We reviewed the existing and recent community models of care in schizophrenia. We examine characteristics, recent updates, evidence, cost-effectiveness, and patients’ acceptance for existing and new community-based care models in high-income (HI) and low- and middle-income (LAMI) countries. Recent Findings Assertive Community Treatment (ACT), Intensive Case Management (ICM), and Crisis Intervention are cost-effective interventions for schizophrenia and time tested in the last few decades in HI countries. The growing evidence suggests that tailor-made ACTs and ICM can effectively reduce substance use, homelessness, and criminal activity in persons with schizophrenia who live in the community. Similarly, in LAMI Countries, a few community-based care models for schizophrenia have been developed and tested based on community-based rehabilitation principles. Summary The modality of a community model of care and interventions for a person with schizophrenia should be chosen based on the person’s co-existing psychosocial difficulties and challenges such as homelessness, criminal behaviour, and substance use.

“…Majority of HPMI's are often found near the railway stations, bus stations, pilgrimages, beggar's homes and in the street corners of metro cities of India (National Mental Health Survey (NMHS, 2015;Singh, 2016;Math et al, 2019). They are considered as the highly marginalized and neglected population in India and worldwide (Gowda et al, 2017a(Gowda et al, , 2017b. The HPMI are more vulnerable to acquire and spread the SARS-CoV 2 virus infection than the general public (Bartholomew, n.d.; Mumbai, n.d.) T physical conditions, overcrowding, poor awareness about COVID 19, low level of immunity & nutrition and lack of access to adequate healthcare services (Kar et al, 2020;Housing and Land Rights Network (HLRN, 2020a;Kim, 2020; "Surviving COVID-19," 2020).…”

Section: Homeless Persons With Mental Illness and Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Homeless persons with mental illness and COVID pandemic: Collective efforts from India

Asian Journal of Psychiatry

Chithra

Moirangthem

et al. 2020

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