Sociocultural and Behavioral Contexts of Condom Use in Heterosexual Married Couples in India: Challenges to the HIV Prevention Program

Bhattacharya, Gauri

doi:10.1177/1090198103259204

Cited by 87 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Although the desire to have a child was manifest on the individual level, it was often motivated by family and societal pressure to have children, particularly boys, which is especially intense in India. [35][36][37] Finally, condoms were sometimes not available at home due to fear of embarrassment if they were discovered by children or family members, as also reported in a previous qualitative study among PLHIV in South India. 17 While this was an individual-level fear, it was motivated by social stigma associated with condoms, which has been observed previously in India.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Prevalence and Contexts of Inconsistent Condom Use Among Heterosexual Men and Women Living with HIV in India: Implications for Prevention

Chakrapani¹,

Newman²,

Shunmugam³

et al. 2010

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

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This investigation examined sexual behaviors among heterosexual persons living with HIV (PLHIV) in India. Study participants (mostly married) were interviewed during August to November 2006 in five Indian states using a quantitative survey (n ¼ 100 men and 100 women), eight focus groups (n ¼ 58 participants), and in-depth interviews (n ¼ 31). One third of men and one fourth of women reported inconsistent condom use with regular sexual partners. Facilitators of condom use with regular partners included a feeling of personal responsibility to protect the health of the partner, desire to prevent acquisition and=or transmission of sexually transmitted infections, and the belief that condoms are needed for antiretroviral therapy to be effective. Barriers to consistent condom use with regular partners included the belief that condoms are unnecessary in HIV-positive seroconcordant relationships; lack of sexual satisfaction with condoms; the desire to have a child; husband's alcohol use, depression, and anxiety; fear that disclosure of HIV status will bring marital discord and family shame; and inadequate counseling by health care providers. Positive prevention programs should include counseling about benefits of safer sex in HIV-positive seroconcordant relationships, counseling about integrating condom use with sexual satisfaction and intimacy, condom use self-efficacy and negotiation skills-building, family planning counseling, mental health and alcohol dependence treatment, and counseling and skills-building about disclosure. Health care providers must be trained to provide these services. Furthermore, efforts are needed to promote tolerance for family planning choices made by couples and to counter the stigma associated with HIV=AIDS and condoms in the broader society.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Prevalence and Contexts of Inconsistent Condom Use Among Heterosexual Men and Women Living with HIV in India: Implications for Prevention

Chakrapani¹,

Newman²,

Shunmugam³

et al. 2010

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[3][4][5][6][7][8] Studies exploring correlates of condom use in India have generally focused on married men and women of reproductive age, or on such vulnerable groups as female sex workers, clients of sex workers, people living with HIV, migrants and men who have sex with men. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Few studies have examined factors associated with young people's use of condoms, particularly in premarital relationships. 6,19,20 Evidence from studies conducted in other countries suggests that condom use among youth in premarital sexual relationships is correlated with a number of individual, partner, relationship and family factors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Condom Use Before Marriage and Its Correlates: Evidence from India

Santhya¹,

Acharya²,

Jejeebhoy³

2011

IPSRH

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“…The relationship between men's heavy alcohol use and wife's HIV sero-status persisted even after controlling for socio-demographic and other characteristics. Results of the association between men's heavy episodic drinking and their wife's HIV sero-status provide empirical evidence for suggestions made in studies in India and South Africa that husbands are more likely to be infected with HIV than their wife in discordant couples and are more likely to transmit HIV to their spouse in the presence of vulnerability factors [16,[18][19][20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Men’s Heavy Alcohol Use and Risk of HIV Acquisition and Transmission to Sexual Partners within Marriage in India

Saggurti¹

2014

J Alcohol Drug Depend

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Background: Heavy episodic drinking by men in India and elsewhere is associated with their sexual risk behaviors, thereby increasing the risk for HIV. This paper assesses whether heavy episodic drinking is associated with acquisition of HIV among married men and its transmission to their spouses in India.Methods: A case-control study was conducted from March-August 2010 among 595 cases (HIV positives) and 611 controls (HIV negatives) aged 18 years and above, recruited from HIV testing and treatment centers in seven districts of eastern and northern India. Logistic regression analyses were used to assess the associations between heavy episodic drinking (defined based on frequency and quantity) in the past 7 days and the following outcome variables: extramarital sex, men's HIV status and their spouse's HIV status.Results: No significant difference was observed in the HIV status of men reporting heavy episodic drinking and those reporting light drinking (41% vs. 50%, adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=0.7, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.5-1.0, p=0.083). However, men reporting heavy episodic drinking were more likely to have had sex with a paid partner (past 12 months) than light drinkers (25% vs. 12%, AOR=3.0; 95% CI=1.9-4.7, p<0.001). A higher proportion of men who were heavy episodic drinkers reported having an HIV positive wife than light drinkers (53% vs. 42%, AOR=4.1; 95% CI=1.8-9.2, p<0.001). Conclusions:Men's heavy episodic drinking is associated with higher prevalence of HIV infection among their spouses. Prevention of heavy episodic drinking and associated men's risk behaviors may augment efforts to reduce the secondary transmission of HIV.

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Sociocultural and Behavioral Contexts of Condom Use in Heterosexual Married Couples in India: Challenges to the HIV Prevention Program

Cited by 87 publications

References 5 publications

Prevalence and Contexts of Inconsistent Condom Use Among Heterosexual Men and Women Living with HIV in India: Implications for Prevention

Prevalence and Contexts of Inconsistent Condom Use Among Heterosexual Men and Women Living with HIV in India: Implications for Prevention

Condom Use Before Marriage and Its Correlates: Evidence from India

Men’s Heavy Alcohol Use and Risk of HIV Acquisition and Transmission to Sexual Partners within Marriage in India

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