In a very real sense the foundations of society rest upon the relations among people -in families, in small groups such as classrooms, in voluntary associations, and in governmental organizations at the community, state, national, and international levels. Such relationships provide a basis for personal security and for happiness or unhappiness. Schools properly hold that the achievement of desirable social attitudes and behavior is an important objective of the educational process. The classroom is a microcosm where many social forces are at work for the future good or ill of a larger society. The potential leader is there as well as the social outcast, and both are in a process of learning and developing attitudes toward others. * Investigations are emphasi zed in this chapter. For applications see Chapter XI, "The Teacher in Individual and Group Relationships." 192