Socio‐economic inequality in reported dental self‐care behaviour among Iranian households: A national pooled study

Kazemi-Karyani, Ali; Dizaj, Jafar Yahyavi; Khoramrooz, Maryam; Soltani, Shahin; Soofi, Moslem; Irandoust, Kamran; Ramezani-Doroh, Vajihe

doi:10.1111/idh.12585

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The concentration of decayed FPMs was slightly higher among the low-economic children, however, the difference was not considerable. One possible explanation for the small size of the inequality in decayed FMPs could be that high-economic families are more financially capable of providing their children with access to toothbrushes, toothpaste, floss, and dental check-up services to prevent their FPM caries [ 53 , 54 ]. However, the financial advantage enjoyed by such households may also lead to their children consuming foods with a high calorie and sugar content, which can contribute to tooth decay [ 55 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic inequalities in decayed, missing, and filled first permanent molars among 8–12 years old Iranian schoolchildren

Khoramrooz,

Mirrezaie,

Emamian

et al. 2023

BMC Oral Health

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Background First permanent molars (FPM) play an important role in the masticatory function and oral health. This study aimed to assess the economic inequalities of FPM health indices among schoolchildren in the northeast of Iran. Methods A total of 4051 children aged 8–12 years old were included in the analyses of this cross-sectional study in 2015. Economic status was measured using the principal component analysis on home assets. Concentration index (C) was used to measure economic inequality in FPM health indices, and its contributing factors determined by Wagstaff decomposition technique. Results The prevalence of having decayed, missing, and filled FPMs among children was 40.9% (95% CI: 38.8–43.0), 1.2% (95% CI: 0.8–1.6%), and 7.8% (95% CI: 6.7–8.9%), respectively. Missing FPM was generally more concentrated among low-economic children (C=-0.158), whereas, filled FPM was more concentrated on high-economic children (C = 0.223). Economic status, mother education, having a housekeeper mother, and overweight/obesity, contributed to the measured inequality in missing FPM by 98.7%, 97.5%, 64.4%, and 11.2%, respectively. Furthermore, 88.9%, 24.1%, 14.5%, and 13.2% of filled FPM inequality was attributable to children’s economic status, father education, residence in rural areas, and age, respectively. Conclusion There is a significant economic inequality in both missing and filled FPM. This inequality can be attributed to the economic status of individuals. To reduce FPM extraction, it is important to target low-income and rural children and provide them with FPM restoration services. Additionally, it is necessary to provide training to less-educated parents and housekeeper mothers to address the observed inequalities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic inequalities in decayed, missing, and filled first permanent molars among 8–12 years old Iranian schoolchildren

Khoramrooz,

Mirrezaie,

Emamian

et al. 2023

BMC Oral Health

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“…Bu sebeple ağız/diş hastalıklarının tedavisi, hem ağız hem genel sağlık hem de ülke ekonomisi için faydalıdır. 4 Son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalara bakıldığında, geleneksel tedavi yaklaşımlarından uzaklaşıp yeni polimerik malzemeler ve nanofarmasötikler, nanokozmetikler gibi yeni ilaç taşıyıcı sistemler üzerinde yoğunlaşılmıştır. 5 Biyobozunurluk ve biyouyumluluk gibi özellikleri sayesinde kitosan [chitosan (CS)] ve CS bazlı biyomalzemeler, medikal alanda ve diş hekimliğinde dikkatleri üzerine çekmiştir.…”

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“…7 CS, ((C 6 H 11 NO 4 ) n (C 8 H 13 NO 4 ) m ), ilk olarak 1811 yılında Bradconnot tarafından tanımlanan kitinin (β-1,4-poli-N-asetil-D-glukozamin) kısmi veya tam deasetilasyonu ile elde edilen bir heteropolisakkarittir. CS, '2-amino-2-deoksi-β-d-glukopiranoz' ve '2-asetamido-2-deoksi-β-d-glukopiranoz'un farklı oran ve sayıda β- (1,4) bağı ile bağlanmasıyla oluşan düz zincirli bir kopolimerdir. Bu 2 molekülün sayısı ve zincirdeki dizilişi, CS'nin fizikokimyasal ve biyolojik özelliklerini belirlemektedir.…”

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Chitosan, a Natural Biocompatible and Biodegradable Polymer, and Drug Delivery Systems Where Chitosan is Used As a Remineralization Agent in Dentistry: Traditional Review

ÖZTÜRK,

ARSLAN

2023

J Lit Pharm Sci

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ÖZET Kitosan, farmasötik alanda üzerinde en çok çalışılan biyomateryallerden biridir. Biyobozunurluk, düşük toksisite, iyi biyouyumluluk, vücutta birikme riskinin bulunmaması, mukoadezivlik, antioksidan, antibakteriyel, antifungal, yara iyileştirici, hemostatik, antiinflamatuar ve antikanser gibi özellikler, kitosanı biyomedikal alanda ve farmasötik formülasyonlarda kullanıma uygun hâle getirmektedir. Kitosanın diş hekimliğinin farklı alanlarında etkinliği kanıtlanmış tedavi amaçlı kullanımı bulunmakla beraber, kitosan ve türevlerinin, koruyucu diş hekimliğinde ve doku mühendisliğinde remineralizasyon sürecini teşvik etmede yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır ve bu konu hakkında çalışmalar in vitro ve in vivo olarak devam etmektedir. Remineralizasyon, hidroksiapatit formundaki mineral kazancının diş yapısına kazandırılması işlemidir. Remineralizasyon ajanları, erken lezyon çevresinde aşırı doymuş bir ortam yaratır; böylece mineral kaybını önler ve boş alanlara kalsiyum ve fosfat iyonlarının geçmesini sağlar. Dünya genelinde optimum diş bakımı sağlamak, ağız ve diş hastalıklarını tedavi etmek ülke ekonomilerinde oldukça büyük bir paya sahiptir. Ağız/diş hastalıklarının tedavisi, hem ağız hem genel sağlık hem de ülke ekonomileri için faydalıdır. Literatür incelendiğinde, geleneksel tedavi yaklaşımlarından uzaklaşıp yeni nanofarmasötikler gibi yeni ilaç taşıyıcı sistemler üzerinde yoğunlaşılmıştır. Bu derleme kapsamında, öncelikle demineralizasyon, remineralizasyon mekanizmaları hakkında bilgi verilmiş olup, ardından kitosanın remineralizasyon mekanizması açıklanmıştır. Derlemenin son bölümünde ise kitosanın diş hekimliğinde remineralizasyon ajanı olarak kullanıldığı geleneksel ve modern ilaç taşıyıcı sistemlerden bahsedilmiştir. Bu derlemenin ilaç taşıyıcı sistemler, kitosan ve remineralizasyon hakkında araştırma & geliştirme çalışmalarında bulunan diş hekimleri ve eczacılara, aynı zamanda klinisyenlere görüş sunacağı düşünülmektedir.Anah tar Ke li me ler: Kitosan; ilaç taşıyıcı sistemler; demineralizasyon; remineralizasyon; nanopartikül ABS TRACT Chitosan is one of the most studied biomaterials in the pharmaceutical field. Biodegradability, low toxicity, good biocompatibility, no risk of accumulation in the body, mucoadhesiveness, antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, wound healing, hemostatic, antiinflammatory and anticancer properties make chitosan suitable for use in the biomedical field and pharmaceutical formulations. Although chitosan has proven therapeutic use in different fields of dentistry, chitosan and its derivatives are widely used to promote the remineralization process in preventive dentistry and tissue engineering, and studies on this subject continue in vitro and in vivo. Remineralization is the process of giving the mineral gain in the form of hydroxyapatite to the tooth structure. Remineralizing agents create a supersaturated environment around the early lesion; thus preventing mineral loss and allowing calcium and phosphate ions to pass into empty spaces. Providing optimum dental care and treating...

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Decomposition of economic inequalities in dental caries among Iranian schoolchildren

Khoramrooz,

Mirrezaie,

Emamian

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Introduction Monitoring social inequalities in dental caries is crucial for establishing priorities in oral health systems. This study aimed to assess economic inequalities in dental caries and its contributing factors among Iranian schoolchildren. Methods Data were obtained from the first phase of the Shahroud Schoolchildren Eye Cohort Study in 2015. A total of 4992 children aged 6–12 years old were included in the analysis. Dental examinations were conducted following the diagnostic methods and standards of the Oral Health Examination Survey, as recommended by the World Health Organization. The concentration index (C) was utilized to assess economic inequalities in dental caries. Additionally, the decomposition of C was employed to explain the determinants of the measured inequalities. Results In total, 71.4% of the schoolchildren had dental caries in primary dentition (dft≥1), and 41.6% of the schoolchildren had dental caries in permanent dentition (DMFT≥1). The Cs of dft≥1, primary decayed teeth (pdt≥1), and permanent missing teeth (PMT≥1) were -0.136 (95% CI: -0.167, -0.104), -0.164 (95% CI: -0.194, -0.134), and -0.208 (95% CI: -0.262, -0.153), respectively, which indicates their more concentration among low-economic children. Conversely, pft≥1 and PFT≥1 had Cs of 0.327 (95% CI: 0.292, 0.361) and 0.218 (95% CI: 0.179, 0.256), showing more concentration among high-economic children. Basic health insurance coverage and age were the main contributors that explained 28.6% and 19.2% of the economic inequality in dft≥1, and 25.7% and 16.6% of the pdt≥1 inequality, respectively. Economic status, residence in rural areas, mother education, father education, and age were the main contributors to the measured inequality in pft≥1 by 80.5% and 26.5%, 21.9%, 22%, and -18.3%, respectively. Economic status, having a housekeeper mother, residence in rural areas, having basic health insurance coverage, mother education, and father education positively contributed to the measured inequality in PMT≥1 by 45.4%, 42.4%, 37.8%, 35.1%, 21.3%, and 15.2%, respectively, while age had a negative contribution of -19.3%. For PFT≥1, economic status, age, and father education accounted for 76%, 25.4%, and 20.3% of the measured inequality, respectively. Conclusion Pro-rich economic inequalities were observed in children’s primary and permanent teeth caries. Thus, government interventions to reduce these inequalities should aim to expand the coverage of basic and supplementary health insurance in line with increasing the coverage of dental health costs in these plans, training and providing access to required dental health services for low-socioeconomic children, including the poor, rural, and those who have low-educated parents and a housekeeper mother, especially at younger ages.

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Socio‐economic inequality in reported dental self‐care behaviour among Iranian households: A national pooled study

Cited by 3 publications

References 54 publications

Economic inequalities in decayed, missing, and filled first permanent molars among 8–12 years old Iranian schoolchildren

Economic inequalities in decayed, missing, and filled first permanent molars among 8–12 years old Iranian schoolchildren

Chitosan, a Natural Biocompatible and Biodegradable Polymer, and Drug Delivery Systems Where Chitosan is Used As a Remineralization Agent in Dentistry: Traditional Review

Decomposition of economic inequalities in dental caries among Iranian schoolchildren

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