Socio-Economic Factors Influencing on Total Fertility Rate in Iran: A Panel Data Analysis for the Period of 2002-2012

Jafari, Hasan; Jaafaripooyan, Ebrahim; Vedadhir, Abou Ali; Foroushani, Abbas Rahimi; Ahadinejad, Bahman; Pourreza, Abolghasem

doi:10.19082/2551

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In 2016, the per capita service fee varied from 45.00- Table 2 The provincial variation of the variables from 2009 to 2016 Variable 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 MMR 7.02-232. 23 It was observed in this study that the maternal health service utilization was associated with the deduction in the MMR after other healthcare resource covariates were adjusted. As described above, previous studies had demonstrated the negative correlation between antenatal care [7,30] or postpartum care [31,32] and maternal mortality, but rarely were there any studies focused on the relationship between maternal mortality and maternal health management from the antenatal to postpartum period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…In addition, the statistical methods used in the previous studies were mostly univariate correlation analyses [20] or linear regressions [21], which may not be effective enough to adjust the time-invariant in the longitudinal data. Panel data models, on the other hand, could be more suitable to analyze the cross-sectional samples with multiple time points [22,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maternal health services utilization and maternal mortality in China: a longitudinal study from 2009 to 2016

Zhao

Han

You

et al. 2020

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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Background: The Chinese government introduced the maternal health services as part of the Basic Public Health Service (BPHS) project in 2009. While China has made progress in reducing maternal mortality, the longitudinal association between the utilization rate of the maternal health services of the BPHS project and such reduction was rarely evaluated with robust methods. Methods: We conducted a longitudinal study on the maternal health service utilization rates of the BPHS project and the maternal mortality ratios (MMR) in mainland China and its 31 provincial regions. The data were extracted from the National Health Statistic Yearbooks (2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015)(2016). Panel data models were used to evaluate the association between the utilization rate and the MMR after adjusting for available covariates on healthcare resources. Stepwise regression models were used to gauge the direction and magnitude of omitted variable bias. Results: It was found that the service utilization rate increased from 79.24% in 2009 to 91.67% in 2016, while MMR decreased from 30.90 to 17.88 per 100,000 livebirths at the national level. The results of the fixed effects panel data model revealed that the utilization rate was associated with MMR deduction continuously. With every 1% increase in utilization rate, the maternal death would decrease by 0.35 per 100,000 livebirths after having the health resources variables adjusted. Conclusions: The utilization of maternal health services increased continuously after the introduction of BPHS project in 2009 and MMR went downward from then on. The utilization of maternal health services did have significant association with MMR and could reduce MMR effectively. Such improvement could be attributed to the fact that this program was designed to serve the targeted population throughout the continuum of maternal care and the government's rigorous efforts in stressing equality and standard care in program implementation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal health services utilization and maternal mortality in China: a longitudinal study from 2009 to 2016

Zhao

Han

You

et al. 2020

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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“…This is not the first study to examine the correlated of the number of children ever born and its spatial variation. A number of other studies have used children ever born as a dependent variable (Jafari et al, 2016, Kabir, Jahan, Shahidul, and Ali, 2001, Sharma 2015, Lindstrom, Gebre-Egziabher, and Hogan, 2009. Figure 3 shows the maximum number (not the average) of children reported in a cluster (y-axis) and the cumulative number of clusters reporting that maximum (x-axis).…”

Section: The Dependent Variable: Cluster Average Of the Number Of Chimentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of the Number of Children Born to Reproductive Women in Ethiopia: Sampling Cluster Based National Spatial Analysis of the 2016 Demographic and Health Survey Data

Adugna¹

2018

JGG

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The study uses averages of predictor variables measured at 643 sampling clusters selected for the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey to assess the strength of their individual and combined impacts on the average number of children ever born at the sampling cluster. The 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey data on women aged 15 to 49 was used. In a multivariate analysis, the average values of nine predictor variables were regressed on the average number of children ever born per sampling cluster. The statistical analysis system software (SAS) version 9.4 and the geographic information system (GIS) software ArcGIS 10.4 were used. All but one of the nine predictor variables - the presence or absence of co-wives – are found to have a statistically significant effect (P < 0.001) on the number of children ever born to Ethiopian women currently in their reproductive years. The adjusted R-Square of 0.74 for the model is also statistically significant with the average number of deceased sons per cluster having the greatest contribution. The altitude of a cluster is the only non-socioeconomic variable considered. It too has a small but statistically significant effect (p < 0.001). The nine predictor variables explained three-fourths of the spatial variability in the number of children ever born. Measures that can help reduce infant and child mortality in general and the mortality of boys in particular can help reduce the number of children overborn which remains high due to the need to replace deceased children. As this work is based on cluster-level averages, the goodness of fit shown by the R2 value of the model appears to be better than that which could have been achieved by using individual scores.

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“…Iran is one of the developing countries that has experienced a sharp decline in fertility worldwide. [ 1 ] This declining trend has been such that the total fertility rate has decreased from 6.3 in 1986[ 2 ] to 1.98 in 2000 and in 2018 it has reached 1.62. [ 3 ] According to the results of the last census in 2016, among the provinces of Iran, Hamedan, located in the West of Iran, with a population growth rate of −0.23, had the lowest population growth rate in Iran.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the rationales behind childbearing

Moeini

Amir

Barati

et al. 2022

Journal of Education and Health Promotion

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BACKGROUND: Childbearing is the most important determinant of population fluctuations and its studies are more important than other population phenomena. Many factors are associated with childbearing, but individual factors associated with it have been less studied in a specific framework. The present study aimed to explore and identify the factors related to childbearing based on extended theory of planned behavior (ETPB). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This qualitative study was conducted among married women <35 years of age and married men whose spouses were under 35 years of age and lived in the City of Hamadan, Iran, in 2019. The data were collected by semistructured and face-to-face in-depth interviews and continued until the data saturation was reached. Overall, 15 interviews were conducted with 17 people. The data were analyzed, using a directed content analysis approach. RESULTS: The data analysis resulted in the extraction of 28 main codes, 9 subcategories, and 4 themes, which were correspond to constructs of the theory, consisting of attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and social support in the field of childbearing. The main predictors were attitude toward childbearing and perceived control. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study showed that ETPB has a potential to explain the intention and behavior of childbearing. The ETPB makes it possible to understand many of the factors associated with childbearing. The results of this study could be the basis for designing appropriate data collection instrument in quantitative studies and vast surveys.

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Socio-Economic Factors Influencing on Total Fertility Rate in Iran: A Panel Data Analysis for the Period of 2002-2012

Cited by 13 publications

References 12 publications

Maternal health services utilization and maternal mortality in China: a longitudinal study from 2009 to 2016

Maternal health services utilization and maternal mortality in China: a longitudinal study from 2009 to 2016

Determinants of the Number of Children Born to Reproductive Women in Ethiopia: Sampling Cluster Based National Spatial Analysis of the 2016 Demographic and Health Survey Data

Understanding the rationales behind childbearing

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