Socio-Economic Class Bias in Rorschach Diagnosis: Contributing Psychosocial Attributes of the Clinician

Trachtman, Joan P.

doi:10.1080/00223891.1971.10119658

Cited by 20 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Similarly, prognostic ratings did not vary as a function of social class when clinicians interviewed actors who portrayed clients (Wright & Hutton, 1977). In other studies, less favorable prognostic ratings were made for lower‐class clients than for middle‐class or upper‐class clients when clinicians were given case histories (Franklin, 1985; Rabinowitz & Lukoff, 1995; Sutton & Kessler, 1986), when they listened to a recording of an intake interview (Lee & Temerlin, 1970), and when they were given Rorschach test results (Haase, 1964; Levy & Kahn, 1970; Trachtman, 1971).…”

Section: Social Class Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Early research indicated that social class bias is present (Abramowitz & Dokecki, 1977). That is, mental illness was more often reported when a client's background was described as being lower‐class rather than middle‐class or upper‐class and when the clinicians were given Rorschach Inkblot Test results (Haase, 1964; Trachtman, 1971), case history information and IQ scores (Neer, Foster, Jones, & Reynolds, 1973), or recordings of an interview (DiNardo, 1975; Lee & Temerlin, 1970). The effect of social class was also significant in a later study when clinicians made diagnoses after viewing videotapes of interviews (Luepnitz, Randolph, & Gutsch, 1982).…”

Section: Social Class Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Race bias, social class bias, and gender bias in clinical judgment.

Garb¹

1997

Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice

200

140

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Studies on race bias, social class bias, and gender bias are reviewed. Topics include psychodiagnosis and rating level of adjustment, the description of personality traits and psychiatric symptoms, the prediction of behavior, and treatment planning. Replicated findings indude race bias in the dffarential diagnosis of schizophrenia and psychotic afkctive disorders, gender bias in the dfhrential diagnosis of histrionic and antisocial personality disorders, race bias and gender bias in the prediction of violence, and social class bias in the referral of dients to psychotherapy. Recommendations for decreasing bias include (a) being aware of when biases are likely to occur, (b) adhering to diagnostic criteria, and (c) using statistical prediction rules to predict behavior. Key wods: cognitive biases, judgment, personality assessment, prediction, psychodiagnosis. f a i n Psycho1 Sci Prac 4:99-120, 19971Misconceptions exist about research on race bias, social class bias, and gender bias. For example, according to a recent article in The A P A Monitor (Sleek, 1996), Practitioners tend to judge lower-class patients as more seriously disturbed than higher-class patients. They detect schizophrenia in black people more than in whites. And they offen judge women patients as more disturbed than male patients presenting identical problems. @. 30)

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Section: Social Class Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Social Class Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Race bias, social class bias, and gender bias in clinical judgment.

Garb¹

1997

Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice

200

140

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, there is some empirical evidence suggesting the presence of negative clinical judgment bias in that clients from lower social class backgrounds were more likely to receive higher ratings of pathology or symptom severity than their counterparts from higher social class backgrounds (e.g., Abramowitz & Dokecki, 1977; Trachtman, 1971). Results from Hillerbrand’s (1988) retrospective investigation of 163 files at a university counseling center demonstrated that lower SES clients were perceived by therapists as less successful in therapy and as having “resolved less psychic conflict” (p. 253) than their middle and upper SES counterparts.…”

Section: Psychotherapist Perceptions and Attributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of social class perceptions on attributions among mental health practitioners

Thompson¹,

Diestelmann²,

Cole³

et al. 2014

Psychotherapy Research

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Objective A vignette-based study assessed the influence of social class attributions toward a hypothetical client’s difficulty. Method 188 licensed mental health professionals who were recruited through professional listservs completed an online survey after reviewing one of two versions of a vignette describing a hypothetical client that varied based on social class cues. Results As expected, this sample of licensed mental health practitioners detected social class differences based on the descriptors of the hypothetical client across the two vignettes. These perceived social class differences, however, did not impact participants’ attributions toward the client for causing or solving her problems, level of GAF score ascribed to the client, or willingness to work with the client. Conclusions There was no evidence that participants differentially ascribed attributions based on social class. Implications and directions for future research are provided.

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“…lower economic groups are given more severe diag-I nosis. Several investigations of psychological tests (17,60) Because of public ignorance and fear of mental illness (41,55) psychiatrists are often pressured into making false-positive errors, believing it is better to error on -he side of caution. (49,28) Hence, psychiatrists are often caught in the conflict between the patient and the community.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%