Socially Assistive Robots: A Comprehensive Approach to Extending Independent Living

Johnson, David; Cuijpers, Raymond H.; Juola, James F.; Torta, Elena; Simonov, Mikhail; Frisiello, Antonella; Bazzani, Marco; Yan, Wenjie; Weber, Cornelius; Wermter, Stefan; Meins, Nils; Oberzaucher, Johannes; Panek, Paul; Edelmayer, Georg; Mayer, Peter; Beck, Christian

doi:10.1007/s12369-013-0217-8

Cited by 94 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Everyday interactions, especially in public spaces, differ in several ways from the companion-style interactions that have been traditionally considered in social robotics (e.g., [9,14,34]). First, interactions in public spaces are often shortterm, dynamic, multimodal, and multi-party.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automatically Classifying User Engagement for Dynamic Multi-party Human–Robot Interaction

Foster

Gaschler

Giuliani

2017

Int J of Soc Robotics

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A robot agent designed to engage in real-world human-robot joint action must be able to understand the social states of the human users it interacts with in order to behave appropriately. In particular, in a dynamic public space, a crucial task for the robot is to determine the needs and intentions of all of the people in the scene, so that it only interacts with people who intend to interact with it. We address the task of estimating the engagement state of customers for a robot bartender based on the data from audiovisual sensors. We begin with an offline experiment using hidden Markov models, confirming that the sensor data contains the information necessary to estimate user state. We then present two strategies for online state estimation: a rule-based classifier based on observed human behaviour in real bars, and a set of supervised classifiers trained on a labelled corpus. These strategies are compared in offline cross-validation, in an online user study, and through validation against a separate test corpus. These studies show that while the trained classifiers are best in a cross-validation setting, the rule-based classifier performs best with novel data; however, all classiThis article integrates and extends the work described in the following conference papers: [17,20,23,24 Bristol Robotics Laboratory, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK fiers also change their estimate too frequently for practical use. To address this issue, we present a final classifier based on Conditional Random Fields: this model has comparable performance on the test data, with increased stability. In summary, though, the rule-based classifier shows competitive performance with the trained classifiers, suggesting that for this task, such a simple model could actually be a preferred option, providing useful online performance while avoiding the implementation and data-scarcity issues involved in using machine learning for this task.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automatically Classifying User Engagement for Dynamic Multi-party Human–Robot Interaction

Foster

Gaschler

Giuliani

2017

Int J of Soc Robotics

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“…Next to social robots that assist people in medical situations [1][2][3], social robots can also help improve the user's spatial cognition through pointing gestures [4][5][6][7], improve the imitation skills of children with autism [8][9][10][11], or greet and communicate with people [12][13][14][15]. Therefore, we argue that one of the most important current challenges in research on social robotics is to develop social robots that can effectively influence human behavior or attitudes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining Robotic Persuasive Strategies: The Persuasive Power of a Storytelling Robot that Uses Gazing and Gestures

Ham

Cuijpers

Cabibihan

2015

Int J of Soc Robotics

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101

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Earlier theorizing suggested that an (artificial) agent that combines persuasive strategies will be more persuasive. Therefore, the current research investigated whether a robot that uses two persuasive strategies is more persuasive than a robot that uses only one. Two crucial persuasive strategies that humans use in face-to-face persuasion are gazing and gestures, and therefore we studied the combined and individual contribution of these two persuasive strategies (gestures and gazing) on the persuasiveness of a storytelling robot. A robot told a classical persuasive story about the consequences of lying to forty-eight participants, and was programmed to use (persuasive) gestures (or not) and gazing (or not). Next, we asked participants to evaluate the character in the story thereby assessing the robot's persuasiveness. Results presented evidence a robot's persuasiveness is increased when gazing is used. When the robot used gestures, its persuasiveness only increased when it also used gazing. When the robot did not use gazing, using gestures diminished the robot's persuasiveness. We discuss the implications for theory and design of robots that are more persuasive.

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“…Mensch-Roboter-Interaktion oder "human-robot interaction" (HRI) ist ein junges Forschungsgebiet [3,5], das zunehmend auch im "Ambient/active assisted living"(AAL)-Bereich an Bedeutung gewinnt [10]. Assistive Roboter, die die Selbstständigkeit und Sicherheit älterer Menschen unterstützen sollen, sind trotz umfassender Visionen in der Praxis meist noch sehr teuer sowie hinsichtlich Funktionalität, Robustheit und Alltagstauglichkeit deutlich eingeschränkt [19].…”

Section: Assistive Roboterunclassified

“…Praktisch alle Tests fanden bisher in kontrollierter Umgebung [10,20,22,23] und nicht über längere Zeit in der häusli-chen Umgebung der Nutzer statt; hier ist das unlängst abgeschlossene HOBBIT …”

Section: Assistive Roboterunclassified

Sollten Assistenzroboter eine „Persönlichkeit“ haben?

Mayer

Panek

2016

Z Gerontol Geriat

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Ziel der Konzeptstudie "personAAL" war es zu untersuchen, ob verschiedene Verhaltensweisen eines assistiven Roboters ("Persön-lichkeiten"), einmal introvertiert bzw. rein funktionsorientiert (nüch-tern, sachlich) und das andere Mal extrovertiert bzw. lebendig (angereichert), bei ansonsten gleicher Funktion (Überbringen einer Nachricht) von Testpersonen (TP) als unterschiedliche "Persönlichkei-ten" wahrgenommen werden. Es wird vermutet, dass die Akzeptanz verbessert werden kann, wenn die Nutzer und Nutzerinnen die individuell bevorzugte Persönlichkeit wählen können.

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Socially Assistive Robots: A Comprehensive Approach to Extending Independent Living

Cited by 94 publications

References 35 publications

Automatically Classifying User Engagement for Dynamic Multi-party Human–Robot Interaction

Automatically Classifying User Engagement for Dynamic Multi-party Human–Robot Interaction

Combining Robotic Persuasive Strategies: The Persuasive Power of a Storytelling Robot that Uses Gazing and Gestures

Sollten Assistenzroboter eine „Persönlichkeit“ haben?

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