This paper looks at the eld of Mathematics Education and its relationship with cultural, social and political issues. It approaches this theme within the landscape of the struggle for land carried out by the Brazilian Landless Movement (Movimento Sem Terra-MST), and the role that has been played by Education in this social movement. The rst section of the paper presents a succinct view of this landscape. The second section discusses Ethnomathematics, focusing on some of the issues that are currently being studied in this eld of Mathematics Education. The third section shows and discusses an excerpt of an empirical study based on an ethnomathematics approach, performed with a group of students of an MST Teacher Education Training Course. The study had as its main theme the practices of 'cubagem of wood'. Here the previously analyzed ideas interact with the data collected during the eldwork. The paper ends by presenting some nal thoughts.
The Landscape: Brazil and the struggle for landBrazil is one of the countries with the greatest land ownership concentration in the world. This situation originated during the Portuguese colonization, at the beginning of the sixteenth century and has grown in the last few decades. Recent of cial data clearly indicate the trend towards a highly concentrated land ownership: of all the rural properties in the country, 49% are less than 10 hectares, and take up 2.2% of the Brazilian territory, while properties with over 1000 hectares, representing 1% of the total number of properties, occupy 45% of the area of the country. The land ownership concentration intensi ed from the 1970s onwards, corresponding to the advance of capitalism in the countryside, leading to a number of changes in the rural environment. A rapid accumulation of capital occurred, consequently producing a greater concentration of land, centralized control of the different sectors of the economy and the introduction of agroindustry and a modern agriculture mainly for export purposes. This model had serious social consequences,