Socialization and Racial Identity Among Black Americans

Demo, David H.; Hughes, Michael L.

doi:10.2307/2786741

Cited by 292 publications

(290 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Previous research has also identified integrative experiences with whites as an important factor in explaining blacks' feelings of closeness: preadult interracial contact has a negative effect on closeness to other blacks (Tatum 1987; Thornton et al 1990;Demo and Hughes 1991;Harris 1995). Some researchers suggest that when black families move out of predominantly black environments, increased interactions with whites and other nonblacks contributes to greater social distance from blacks as a group (Demo and Hughes 1991).…”

Section: Preadult Integrative Experiencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have examined the effect of socioeconomic status (SES) on blacks' feelings of closeness to other blacks and have generally found that individuals with higher SES report greater social distance from blacks as a group (Broman, Neighbors, and Jackson 1988;Demo and Hughes 1991;Thornton et al 1997). Social distance is hypothesized to exist among those of higher SES because of their greater integration within mainstream America , their individual versus collective orientation toward success (Hall and Allen 1989), and their reduced sense of collective fate resulting because their class status insulates them from many problems faced by more disadvantaged blacks (Simpson 1998).…”

Section: Socioeconomic Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intraracial Diversity and Relations among African‐Americans: Closeness among Black Students at a Predominantly White University

Smith

Moore

2000

American Journal of Sociology

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A case study of black college students at a predominantly white liberal arts college is employed to question continuing assumptions in sociological research that blacks represent social, cultural, and economic homogeneity and that intraracial relations are close and without conflict. The article examines the extent to which black students feel close to other black students on campus, rely on one another for need satisfaction and social interaction, and share similar values, experiences, and attitudes. The authors find that the odds of closeness are significantly reduced for biracial students, for black students from low SES backgrounds, and for black students from predominantly white backgrounds. Among biracial students and those from predominantly white environments, social distance reflects their overall distance from the larger black community and is a function of their lack of "racial awareness." The social distance of low SES students appears specific to the community of black students within the college and is not expressed toward the larger black community. Moreover, feelings of distance appear to be driven by perceived social, cultural, and economic differences from other black students.

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Section: Preadult Integrative Experiencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Socioeconomic Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraracial Diversity and Relations among African‐Americans: Closeness among Black Students at a Predominantly White University

Smith

Moore

2000

American Journal of Sociology

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“…Bicultural competence training is recognized as an essential component of African American success (Demo & Hughes, 1990;Fordham & Ogbu, 1986;Phinney & Chavira, 1995). Parents can have an important role in helping their adolescents become more biculturally flexible by giving consistent and positive messages encouraging interracial contact (Demo & Hughes, 1990).…”

Section: Manhood and Bicultural Competencementioning

confidence: 99%

An empirically supported and culturally specific engagement and intervention strategy for African American adolescent males.

Liddle

Jackson-Gilfort

Marvel

2006

American Journal of Orthopsychiatry

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The need for effective culturally responsive treatments has become more urgent as the number of ethnic minority clients continues to increase. Previous research with a clinically referred sample of substance‐abusing African American inner‐city teenagers found that treatment engagement increased when cultural content was incorporated in the therapeutic process (Jackson‐Gilfort, Liddle, Tejeda, & Dakof, 2001). This article amplifies these findings by offering clinical guidelines for how to develop and implement culturally specific interventions that contribute to the therapeutic engagement of African American adolescent males. Clinical outcomes may be improved by integrating culturally responsive intervention methods within a multisystemic approach to the adolescent's treatment.

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“…Some participants seemed to find the colour of their skin more influential on their lives and identities compared to others . Demo and Hughes (1990), in a study on African Americans, suggest that the strength of one's racial identity and personal regard towards black people is influenced by upbringing, interracial contact in pre-adulthood, and social status in adulthood . In our study, ethnic and racial identity played an important role for how individuals remained true to their cultural origins and negotiated their integration into Dutch society .…”

Section: Implications For Theory and Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%