Social Support and Cognition: A Systematic Review

Costa-Cordella, Stefanella; Arévalo-Romero, Camilo Andrés; Parada, Francisco J.; Rossi, Alejandra

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.637060

Cited by 55 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 132 publications

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“…This suggests that posttraumatic growth can follow posttraumatic stress and improve over time, a finding supported by our work. Prior work has shown that increased social support among the elderly is associated with improved cognitive function 66–69 . Further, Stanley et al 70 found that greater perceived organizational support attenuated PTSD symptom severity in US firefighters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PTSD symptoms, depressive symptoms, and subjective cognitive concerns in WTC‐exposed and non‐WTC‐exposed firefighters

Mueller

Singh

Webber

et al. 2021

American J Industrial Med

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Background: Firefighting has been associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other mental health conditions. We previously found that among Fire Department of the City of New York (FDNY) responders to the World Trade Center (WTC) disaster, higher-intensity WTC-exposure predicted PTSD symptoms, depressive symptoms, and subjective cognitive concerns. The present study aims to compare these symptoms in the FDNY WTC-exposed cohort versus a comparison cohort of non-FDNY, non-WTC-exposed firefighters. Methods:The study population included WTC-exposed male firefighters from FDNY (N = 8466) and non-WTC-exposed male firefighters from Chicago (N = 1195), Philadelphia (N = 770), and San Francisco (N = 650) fire departments who were employed on 9/11/2001 and completed a health questionnaire between 3/1/2018 and 12/31/2020. Current PTSD symptoms, depressive symptoms, and subjective cognitive concerns were assessed via validated screening instruments. Multivariable linear regression analyses stratified by fire department estimated the impact of covariates on each outcome.Results: Adjusted mean PTSD symptom scores ranged from 23.5 ± 0.6 in Chicago firefighters to 25.8 ± 0.2 in FDNY, and adjusted mean depressive symptom scores ranged from 7.3 ± 0.5 in Chicago to 9.4 ± 0.6 in Philadelphia. WTC-exposure was associated with fewer subjective cognitive concerns (β = −0.69 ± 0.05, p < .001) after controlling for covariates. Across cohorts, older age was associated with more cognitive concerns, but fewer PTSD and depressive symptoms.Conclusions: WTC-exposed firefighters had fewer cognitive concerns compared with non-WTC-exposed firefighters. We were unable to estimate associations between WTC exposure and PTSD symptoms or depressive symptoms due to variability between non-WTC-exposed cohorts. Longitudinal follow-up is needed to

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PTSD symptoms, depressive symptoms, and subjective cognitive concerns in WTC‐exposed and non‐WTC‐exposed firefighters

Mueller

Singh

Webber

et al. 2021

American J Industrial Med

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“…Although we cannot compare this with the literature, given the lack of studies conducted on the oldest-old age group (≥85 years), frequency of contact with friends was identified as an important predictor in this group. A systematic review on the relationship between social support and cognitive functions [ 37 ] reported that social support and cognitive function are positively associated, with emotional support serving as a key dimension. Therefore, these results suggest that active interactions with friends have a preventive effect against cognitive decline among oldest-old individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of Cognitive Function in Community-Dwelling Older Adults by Age Group: Based on the 2017 National Survey of Older Korean Adults

Kim

Eunjeong

2021

IJERPH

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Owing to a growing older adult population, dementia is emerging as an important health issue. Given that maintaining cognitive functions is crucial for the prevention of dementia, this study aimed to identify the predictors of cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults, through a secondary data analysis of the 2017 National Survey of Older Koreans. A total of 9836 participants were classified into three age groups—young-old (65–74 years), old-old (75–84 years), and oldest-old (≥85 years)—and were separately analyzed using multiple linear regression models. The final model explained 28.0%, 35.0%, and 37.0% of variance in cognitive function in the three age groups, respectively. The most potent predictors of cognitive function in the young-old were electronic device-based activities, instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), and nutrition management; the predictors for the old-old group were electronic device-based activities, IADL, and dementia screening, and those for the oldest-old group were frequency of contact with acquaintances, traveling, and religion. Thus, age group-specific interventions are needed to effectively promote cognitive function among older adults. Digital literacy education, use of community-based elderly welfare programs, opportunities for social interactions, and physical activities can help older adults in maintaining a functional status and muscle strengthening.

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“…Social support is defined as structural and functional assistance/help that an individual can receive from family, friends, neighbors, and community members in times of need ( Costa-Cordella et al, 2021 ). According to theoretical models of social support, structural assistance refers to the size and frequency of social interactions; while functional is the quality of relationships, which includes emotional (receiving love, encouragement and positive feedback) and instrumental components (provision of financial help, assistance with childcare, caregiving) ( Southwick et al, 2005 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the brain, positive effects of social support on cognitive performance were described in older adults ( Kelly et al, 2017 ; Costa-Cordella et al, 2021 ). Higher levels of social support have been associated with better cognitive functioning and less cognitive decline ( Seeman et al, 2001 ; Kelly et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family and Community Support, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, and Cognitive Performance in Older Adults: Findings From the Health, Wellbeing and Aging Study Population-Based Cohort

Souza-Talarico

Bromberg

Santos

et al. 2021

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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Background: Social networks can modulate physiological responses, protects against the detrimental consequences of prolonged stress, and enhance health outcomes. Family ties represent an essential source of social networks among older adults. However, the impact of family support on cognitive performance and the biological factors influencing that relationship is still unclear. We aimed to determine the relationship between family support, cognitive performance and BDNF levels.Methods: Cross-sectional data from three-hundred, eight-six individuals aged on average 60 years enrolled in the Health, Wellbeing and Aging Study (SABE), a population-cohort study, were assessed for family support, community support and cognitive performance. Structural and functional family support was evaluated based on family size and interactions allied to scores in the Family APGAR questionnaire. Community assistance (received or provided) assessed the community support. Cognitive performance was determined using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), verbal fluency (animals per minute) and backward digital span. Blood samples were obtained to determine BDNF levels.Results: Multivariate analysis showed that functional family support, but not structural, was associated with higher MMSE, verbal fluency and digit span scores, even controlling for potential cofounders (p < 0.001). Providing support to the community, rather than receiving support from others, was associated with better cognitive performance (p < 0.001). BDNF concentration was not associated with community support, family function, or cognitive performance.Conclusion: These findings suggest that emotional components of functional family and community support (e.g., loving and empathic relationship) may be more significant to cognitive health than size and frequency of social interactions.

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Social Support and Cognition: A Systematic Review

Cited by 55 publications

References 132 publications

PTSD symptoms, depressive symptoms, and subjective cognitive concerns in WTC‐exposed and non‐WTC‐exposed firefighters

PTSD symptoms, depressive symptoms, and subjective cognitive concerns in WTC‐exposed and non‐WTC‐exposed firefighters

Predictors of Cognitive Function in Community-Dwelling Older Adults by Age Group: Based on the 2017 National Survey of Older Korean Adults

Family and Community Support, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, and Cognitive Performance in Older Adults: Findings From the Health, Wellbeing and Aging Study Population-Based Cohort

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