Social Structure and Anomie

Merton, Robert Κ.

doi:10.2307/2084686

Cited by 3,154 publications

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“…According to Social Learning Theory, criminal behavior is acquired through observational learning (Akers, 1973;Bandura, 1986), positive reinforcement, and the development of a system of beliefs justifying deviant behavior, which can be transmitted by deviant peers or witnessing violence in the school setting. Unlike other theoretical perspectives that are unidirectional in nature (e.g., Strain Theory; Merton, 1938), Interactional Theory provides a developmental explanation of gang affiliation where control and learning factors in different social settings influence one another across an individual's lifespan. For example, cohesive ties with the family may moderate the detrimental impact of deviant peers on gang membership.…”

Section: Interactional Theory and Gang Membershipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescent gang involvement: The role of individual, family, peer, and school factors in a multilevel perspective

Lenzi

Sharkey

Vieno

et al. 2014

Aggressive Behavior

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Youth gang involvement is a serious public health challenge as adolescents involved in gangs are more likely than others to engage in violence and aggression. To better understand gang involvement, we examined the role of protective (empathy and parental support) and risk (peer deviance and lack of safety at school) factors, as well as their interactions, in predicting adolescent gang affiliation. The study involved a sample of 26,232 students (53.4% females; mean age = 14.62, SD = 1.69) participating in the California Healthy Kids Survey (CHKS), a survey investigating a wide range of youth health and risk behaviors administered in all California schools every 2 years. Using hierarchical linear modeling (HLM), findings indicated that high levels of empathy and parental support were associated with a lower likelihood of affiliating with a gang. Associating with deviant peers and perceiving the school as unsafe were positively correlated with gang membership. At the school level, lack of safety and type of school (special education, vocational, or alternative school vs. comprehensive schools) were associated with greater probability of gang membership. Empathy mitigated the association between deviant peers and gang membership. Aggr. Behav. 41:386–397, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Interactional Theory and Gang Membershipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescent gang involvement: The role of individual, family, peer, and school factors in a multilevel perspective

Lenzi

Sharkey

Vieno

et al. 2014

Aggressive Behavior

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“…Apart from the economic explanation, sociological theories of crime also give an important view on this aspect. Strain theory (Merton, 1938), for instance, suggests that inequality increases the frustration of unsuccessful individuals and thus enhances the tendency to commit crime against either rich or poor. Both theories seem to apply to violent crime and the empirical results from several studies point to a strong relationship between income inequality and violent crime.…”

Section: Does Economic Activity Predict Changes In Violent Behaviour?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Violent Crime in the United States of America: A Time-Series Analysis Between 1960–2000

Saridakis

2004

European Journal of Law and Economics

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“…In other words, changes in regime determine the overlapping of old and new systems of social rules. Such anomic societies, poised between the old rules no longer applicable and the new ones not yet (perceived as) binding, can not provide a solid guide to the conduct of individuals (Durckheim, 1987;Merton, 1938). From this point of view, it is not the rules per se that cause suicidal incidents but their changes over time.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Social conformity and suicide

Bussu

Detotto

Sterzi

2013

The Journal of Socio-Economics

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C R E N O S w a s s e t u p i n 1 9 9 3 w i t h t h e p u r p o s e o f o r g a n i s i n g t h e j o i n t r e s e a r c h e f f o r t o f e c o n o m i s t s f r o m t h e t w o S a r d i n i a n u n i v e r s i t i e s ( C a g l i a r i a n d S a s s a r i ) i n v e s t i g a t i n g d u a l i s m a t t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l a n d r e g i o n a l l e v e l . C R E N o S ' p r i m a r y a i m i s t o i m p r o v e k n o w l e d g e o n t h e e c o n o m i c g a p b e t w e e n a r e a s a n d t o p r o v i d e u s e f u l i n f o r m a t i o n f o r p o l i c y i n t e r v e n t i o n . P a r t i c u l a r a t t e n t i o n i s p a i d t o t h e r o l e o f i n s t i t u t i o n s , t e c h n o l o g i c a l p r o g r e s s a n d d i f f u s i o n o f i n n o v a t i o n i n t h e p r o c e s s o f c o n v e r g e n c e o r d i v e r g e n c e b e t w e e n e c o n o m i c a r e a s . T o c a r r y o u t i t s r e s e a r c h , C R E N o S c o l l a b o r a t e s w i t h r e s e a r c h c e n t r e s a n d u n i v e r s i t i e s a t b o t h n a t i o n a l a n d i n t e r n a t i o n a l l e v e l . T h e c e n t r e i s a l s o a c t i v e i n t h e f i e l d o f s c i e n t i f i c d i s s e m i n a t i o n , o r g a n i z i n g c o n f e r e n c e s a n d w o r k s h o p s a l o n g w i t h o t h e r a c t i v i t i e s s u c h a s s e m i n a r s a n d s u m m e r s c h o o l s . C R E N o S c r e a t e s a n d m a n a g e s s e v e r a l d a t a b a s e s o f v a r i o u s s o c i o -e c o n o m i c v a r i a b l e s o n I t a l y a n d S a r d i n i a . A t t h e l o c a l l e v e l , C R E N o S p r o m o t e s a n d p a r t i c i p a t e s t o p r o j e c t s i m p a c t i n g o n t h e m o s t r e l e v a n t i s s u e s i n t h e S a r d i n i a n e c o n o m y , s u c h a s t o u r i s m , e n v i r o n m e n t , t r a n s p o r t s a n d Abstract We study the relationship between suicide rates and socioeconomic factors by using a panel data at Italian province level in the time span 1996-2005. Our analysis focuses on the impact of social norms on suicidal behaviours. In particular, beyond the usual social correlates of suicide rates, we propose an aggregate measure of social conformity which refers to the religious sphere as an area of conflict between individual and social behaviours. GMM and dynamic spatial panel data approach are implemented to control for serial and spatial autocorrelation. The results confirm the primary role of family, alcohol consumption and population density in explaining the suicide rates in Italy, while the economic variables, namely income per capita and economic growth, do not appear to have any effects. IntroductionMore than one hundred years after his seminal work, Emile Durkheim still provides the starting point of any sociological study on suicide. According to Durkheim (1893;1897), the frequency of self-killing in society depends on two factors: social integration and regulation. As a result, four types of suicide can be distinguished: egoistic, anomic...

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Social Structure and Anomie

Cited by 3,154 publications

References 0 publications

Adolescent gang involvement: The role of individual, family, peer, and school factors in a multilevel perspective

Adolescent gang involvement: The role of individual, family, peer, and school factors in a multilevel perspective

Violent Crime in the United States of America: A Time-Series Analysis Between 1960–2000

Social conformity and suicide

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