Social stigma as a barrier to HIV testing: Evidence from a randomized experiment in Mozambique

Yu, Hang

doi:10.1016/j.jdeveco.2022.103035

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Our findings are in line with previously published studies showing that misperceived norms are an important driver of outcomes related to HIV prevention and treatment, such as HIV testing, adherence to antiretroviral therapy, condom use, and HIV-related stigma, both in rural Uganda and elsewhere in eastern and southern Africa [ 50 , 51 , 54 , 58 , 91 ]. Taken together, these findings indicates that a social norms approach [ 49 , 92 , 93 ] to VMMC uptake would be applicable in contexts where a substantial, but not sufficient (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Local norms could be visually displayed at the entrances of clinics offering VMMC services [ 102 ] or publicised through radio or edu-entertainment messages [ 103 , 104 ]. Studies on other topics have found that enhancing the salience and visibility of local health-promoting norms can shift individuals’ expectations about typical and acceptable behavior and attitudes when misalignment between perceptions and actual norms exists, and in turn, prompt behavior change [ 48 , 59 - 65 , 91 , 100 , 105 ]. Additionally, increasing awareness of trending norms (behaviors increasing in prevalence) can also prompt behavior change [ 101 , 106 , 107 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Male circumcision uptake and misperceived norms about male circumcision: Cross-sectional, population-based study in rural Uganda

Perkins,

Kakuhikire,

Baguma

et al. 2023

J Glob Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Over the past decade, 15 high-priority countries in eastern and southern Africa have promoted voluntary medical male circumcision for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention. The prevalence of male circumcision in Uganda nearly doubled from 26% in 2011 to 43% in 2016, but remains below the 2020 target level. Little is known about how common male circumcision is perceived to be, how accurate such perceptions are, and whether they are associated with men’s own circumcision uptake. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of all adult residents of eight villages in Rwampara District, southwestern Uganda in 2020-2022. We elicited their perceptions of the adult male circumcision prevalence within their village: >50% (most men), 10% to <50% (some), <10%, (few to none), or do not know. We compared their perceived norms to the aggregated prevalence of circumcision reported in these villages. We used a modified multivariable Poisson regression model to estimate the association between perceived norms and personal circumcision uptake among men. Results We surveyed 1566 participants (91% response rate): 698 men and 868 women. Among the men, 167 (27%) reported being circumcised, including 167/444 (38%) men <50 years of age. Approximately one-fourth of the population (189 (27%) men and 177 (20%) women) believed that few to no men in their own village had been circumcised. In a multivariable regression model, men who underestimated the prevalence of male circumcision were less likely to be circumcised themselves (adjusted relative risk (aRR) = 0.51; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.37-0.83). Conclusions In this population-based study in rural Uganda, one-fourth of men underestimated the prevalence of male circumcision. Men who underestimated the extent of circumcision uptake were themselves less likely to be circumcised. If the observed association is causal and underestimates within the population contribute to low uptake, then interventions correcting these misperceived norms could increase uptake of voluntary medical male circumcision.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Male circumcision uptake and misperceived norms about male circumcision: Cross-sectional, population-based study in rural Uganda

Perkins,

Kakuhikire,

Baguma

et al. 2023

J Glob Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Individuals may feel ashamed that they need professional help to process their emotions. Indeed, an extensive literature has discussed stigma in the context of mental health treatment (e.g., Corrigan, 2004;Lannin et al, 2013), and there is evidence that stigma plays an important role in other contexts like social welfare programs (Moffitt, 1983) and HIV testing (Yu, 2023). Consistent with stigma, our estimates show that the disutility of therapy is larger for people living in small towns, where receiving treatment anonymously is more challenging and stigma may thus play a larger.…”

supporting

confidence: 65%

What Good Are Treatment Effects Without Treatment? Mental Health and the Reluctance to Use Talk Therapy

Cronin,

Forsstrom,

Papageorge

2024

Review of Economic Studies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Evidence across disciplines suggests that talk therapy is more curative than antidepressants for mild-to-moderate depression and anxiety. Yet, few patients use it. We develop a dynamic choice model to analyze patient demand for the treatment of depression and anxiety. The model incorporates myriad potential impediments to therapy use along with links between mental health improvements and earnings. The estimated model reveals that mental health improvements are valuable, directly through utility and indirectly through earnings. However, patient reluctance to use therapy is nearly impervious to reasonable counterfactual policies (e.g., lowering prices or removing other costs). Patient behavior might reflect stigma, biases in beliefs about the effectiveness of therapy, or a distaste for discussing personal or painful issues with a stranger. More broadly, the benefits of therapy estimated in randomized trials tell only half the story. If patients do not use treatments outside of an experimental setting—and we fail to understand why or how to get them to—estimated treatment effects cannot be leveraged.

show abstract

“…En conclusión, es necesario que desde los servicios de salud se comprendan las formas en las cuales se expresa y se vivencia la discriminación interseccional en los diversos grupos poblacionales, de manera tal que se pueden generar las estrategias intersectoriales que permitan hacer frente a la vulneración de derechos de estas personas, teniendo en cuenta que, el impacto de las preocupaciones sobre el estigma en la salud no se limita al acceso a las pruebas, sino que puede afectar todos los procesos vinculados con el tratamiento del VIH, entre ellos, el inicio y adherencia al tratamiento antirretroviral, así como a la prevención, por ejemplo, el uso de PrEP 26 .…”

Section: Disminuir El Estigma Y La Discriminación Frente Al Vihunclassified

Participación social y comunitaria frente a la respuesta al virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH)

Pineda,

Morales,

Garzón

2024

Interface (Botucatu)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Comprender los aportes que desde los diferentes actores sociales e institucionales se pueden generar alrededor de la respuesta al VIH. Se desarrolló una investigación cualitativa, empleándose como técnica de investigación la entrevista semiestructurada. Se realizaron 15 entrevistas, donde se identificaron cuatro áreas fundamentales para el trabajo en VIH, a saber: educación, promoción y prevención combinada del VIH; diagnóstico temprano y atención integral del VIH; participación social y comunitaria en la respuesta al VIH y disminución del estigma y la discriminación frente al VIH. Se evidenciaron algunas barreras que tienen los ciudadanos para acceder a determinados servicios y las limitaciones que existen en la implementación de proyectos de salud sexual en el municipio, debido a la falta de articulación entre los actores sociales y la administración municipal, lo que restringe el impacto de los programas de VIH.

show abstract

Social stigma as a barrier to HIV testing: Evidence from a randomized experiment in Mozambique

Cited by 5 publications

References 32 publications

Male circumcision uptake and misperceived norms about male circumcision: Cross-sectional, population-based study in rural Uganda

Male circumcision uptake and misperceived norms about male circumcision: Cross-sectional, population-based study in rural Uganda

What Good Are Treatment Effects Without Treatment? Mental Health and the Reluctance to Use Talk Therapy

Participación social y comunitaria frente a la respuesta al virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About