Social Stability and Social Change

Rowe, William T.

doi:10.1017/chol9780521243346.011

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 194 publications

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“…It was rather a reiteration of the State's responsibility to "rectify names" when faced with increasing anxieties and perceived social anomalies. 111 This was achieved through legal experimentation aiming at refining the criteria for measuring the intensity of labor relations (using diverse combinations of criteria like the existence of contracts, the duration of the agreed labor term, time actually spent working for an employer, the amount of benefits received by the worker, or the degree of proximity with the employer). Evaluating the concrete effects of these successive legal reconfigurations would nonetheless require an in-depth examination of the evolution of everyday practices, but that would be the topic of another article.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serving and Working for Others

Chevaleyre¹

2020

J. Global Slavery

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Abstract Over the past decades, “wage labor” has been a lingering issue in studies on the development patterns of late imperial China. The legal reconfiguration of the category of “hired laborers” (gugong 僱工) between 1588 and 1788, in particular, has been foregrounded as a salient manifestation of the “incipient capitalism” going hand in hand with the emergence of a “free” labor market and with the decline of bound labor. Questioning the preconception that the mere appearance of labor relations mediated by means of wages would suffice to prove the existence of “free labor,” this article proposes to revisit the issue of “hired labor” in late imperial China. It approaches this issue from a conceptual standpoint, as a first step toward an overdue reassessment of the significance of wages in labor relations and their impact on the status of workers. The first section endeavors to sketch out a general conceptualization of gugong from the Great Ming Code and from Ming and Qing legal exegesis. The second section focuses on the study of the legal redefinition of gugong between the late sixteenth and eighteenth centuries, and looks for the social and legal implications of being hired. By doing so, it also explores changes in the Chinese conception of the notion of “service” and its relationship with what we would name “servitude.”

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serving and Working for Others

Chevaleyre¹

2020

J. Global Slavery

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“…47 E.g., Bai et al (2006), , Su and He (2010), Li et al (2008), Lu, Tao and Yang (2010), Thøgersen (2002). 48 Regarding …ctional clans is Late Imperial China, see Rowe (2002), pp. 355-7. their good will" (Redding, 1993, p. 66).…”

Section: Cultural Persistencementioning

confidence: 99%

The Clan and the Corporation: Sustaining Cooperation in China and Europe

Greif

Tabellini

2017

SSRN Journal

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Over the last millennium, the clan and the corporation have been the loci of cooperation in China and Europe respectively. This paper examines-analytically and historically-the cultural and institutional co-evolution that led to this bifurcation. We highlight that groups with which individuals identify are basic units of cooperation. Such loyalty groups influence institutional development because intra-group moral commitment reduces enforcement cost implying a comparative advantage in pursuing collective actions. Loyalty groups perpetuate due to positive feedbacks between morality, institutions, and the implied pattern of cooperation.

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“…Yet, under the Qing dynasty, the expansion of inter-regional trade and a division of labour with a special role for merchants (and accordingly a thriving urban life) did not give rise to national consciousness. 74 On the contrary, this generated new archaic identities, albeit ones that deviated from cultural norms. Far from acting as a vanguard for national identity, the merchant diaspora promoted plague god cults, 75 that is, an imagination firmly rooted in messianic time.…”

Section: The Strength Of the Dynastic Imagination In Huaxiamentioning

confidence: 99%

The international relations of the ‘imagined community’: Explaining the late nineteenth-century genesis of theChinesenation

Cooper¹

2014

Rev. Int. Stud.

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Benedict Anderson'sImagined Communitieshas long been established as one of the major contributions to theories of nations and nationalism. Anderson located the rise of national identities within a long-evolving crisis of dynastic conceptions of identity, time, and space, and argued print-capitalism was the key cultural and economic force in the genesis of nations. This article offers a critical appropriation and application of Anderson's theory through two steps. Firstly, it evaluates the conceptual underpinning of his approach through an engagement with recent scholarship on the ‘theory of uneven and combined development’. The fruits of this interchange provide a deeper analytical framework to account for what Anderson calls the ‘modularity’ of national identity, that is, its universal spread across the globe. Modularity is now reconceptualised as a product of combined development with its causal efficacy derived from the latent dynamics of a geopolitically fragmented world. The latter gave shape and form to the new national communities. Secondly, this revised framework is applied to the emergence of Chinese national identity in the late nineteenth century. This allows Chinese nationalism to be recast as an ideological amalgam of indigenous and imported elements that emerged out of the crisis-ridden encounter between Imperial China and Western imperialism in the nineteenth century.

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Social Stability and Social Change

Cited by 19 publications

References 194 publications

Serving and Working for Others

Serving and Working for Others

The Clan and the Corporation: Sustaining Cooperation in China and Europe

The international relations of the ‘imagined community’: Explaining the late nineteenth-century genesis of theChinesenation

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