Social reformers and regulation: the prohibition of cigarettes in the United States and Canada

Alston, Lee J.; Dupré, Ruth; Nonnenmacher, Tomas

doi:10.1016/s0014-4983(02)00005-0

Cited by 24 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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confidence: 99%

“…19 Although these statutes were repealed by 1927, restrictions on sales to minors remained and were steadily expanded. 19 Until the 1940s, increasing numbers of states regulated the sale of cigarettes to minors and steadily increased their MLAs (Figure 1; states with bans were classified as having an MLA of at least 21 years). In 1920, when Oregon voters enacted a constitutional amendment banning tobacco altogether, South Carolina had banned smoking in restaurants, and 14 states had passed laws that prohibited the sale and advertisement of cigarettes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Minimum Ages of Legal Access for Tobacco in the United States From 1863 to 2015

Apollonio

Glantz

2016

Am J Public Health

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In the United States, state laws establish a minimum age of legal access (MLA) for most tobacco products at 18 years. We reviewed the history of these laws with internal tobacco industry documents and newspaper archives from 1860 to 2014. The laws appeared in the 1880s; by 1920, half of states had set MLAs of at least 21 years. After 1920, tobacco industry lobbying eroded them to between 16 and 18 years. By the 1980s, the tobacco industry viewed restoration of higher MLAs as a critical business threat. The industry’s political advocacy reflects its assessment that recruiting youth smokers is critical to its survival. The increasing evidence on tobacco addiction suggests that restoring MLAs to 21 years would reduce smoking initiation and prevalence, particularly among those younger than 18 years.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimum Ages of Legal Access for Tobacco in the United States From 1863 to 2015

Apollonio

Glantz

2016

Am J Public Health

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“…While their most prominent campaign focused upon alcohol, they also targeted prostitution, gambling, tobacco, cocaine, and opium/opiates. 38 Windle, J. (2013).…”

Section: The 'Prohibition As a Us Construct' Thesismentioning

confidence: 99%

How the East Influenced Drug Prohibition

Windle¹

2013

The International History Review

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In much of the academic literature drug prohibition is often described as an American, or at least a Western, construct. This paper shows how prohibitions were enforced in Asian countries while the United States and Western Europe were routinely trading opium. The concept of prohibition being a distinctly American construct is, therefore, flawed. Furthermore, Western missionaries to China are often credited as important actors in the formulation of Western prohibitions. These missionaries may, however, have been influenced by the prohibitionist ideals of the peoples they were trying to convert to Christianity. This paper does not dispute the importance of American pressure on the global spread of prohibition but rather seeks to add balance to its historiography, by elucidating how Western prohibitions were pre-dated, and possibly influenced, by Eastern prohibitions.

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“…Anti-tobacco campaigns and controversies about the harms of tobacco use appeared not only in Britain and the United States but also in France, Canada, Japan, and to a lesser degree, in some other European countries at the turn of the century (Goodman 1993, 116-121;Alston, Dupré, and Nonnenmacher 2002;Ogawa 2004, 94). The anti-tobacco rhetoric in these campaigns was quite similar: smoking would cause all kinds of health problems, induce alcohol and drug abuse, and waste money; it would also Cross-Currents: East Asian History and Culture Review E-Journal No.…”

Section: Understanding the Medical Effects Of Tobaccomentioning

confidence: 99%

Moralized Hygiene and Nationalized Body: Anti-Cigarette Campaigns in China on the Eve of the 1911 Revolution

Liu¹

2013

ach

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Western knowledge about the injurious effects of cigarette smoking on smokers' health appeared in the late nineteenth century and was shaped by both the Christian temperance movement and scientific developments in chemistry and physiology. Along with the increasing import of cigarettes into China, this new knowledge entered China through translations published at the turn of the twentieth century. It was reinterpreted and modified to dissuade the Chinese people from smoking cigarettes in two anti-cigarette campaigns: one launched by a former American missionary, Edward Thwing, in Tianjin, and a second by progressive social elites in Shanghai on the eve of the 1911 Revolution. By examining the rhetoric and practice of the campaigns, I argue that the discourse of hygiene they deployed moralized the individual habit of cigarette smoking as undermining national strength and endangering the future of the Chinese nation, thus helping to construct the idea of a nationalized body at this highly politically charged moment.Along with today's increasing concern about the harmfulness of cigarette smoking to public health, the history of tobacco has received increasing attention in recent years (Goodman 1993;Hilton 2000;Gilman and Zhou 2004). Although most of the scholarship on the contemporary history of tobacco control focuses on the period after medical research indisputably proved that cigarette smoking poses health hazards (Brandt 2007;Liu 2

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Social reformers and regulation: the prohibition of cigarettes in the United States and Canada

Cited by 24 publications

References 4 publications

Minimum Ages of Legal Access for Tobacco in the United States From 1863 to 2015

Minimum Ages of Legal Access for Tobacco in the United States From 1863 to 2015

How the East Influenced Drug Prohibition

Moralized Hygiene and Nationalized Body: Anti-Cigarette Campaigns in China on the Eve of the 1911 Revolution

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