Social Psychological Methods Outside the Laboratory

Reis, Harry T.; Gosling, Samuel D.

doi:10.1002/9780470561119.socpsy001003

Cited by 75 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 212 publications

(209 reference statements)

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“…The global reach of the Internet means it can be used to deliver these reports to a much larger, much broader, and harder-to-reach populations than is viable with traditional methods (Gosling, Sandy, John, & Potter, 2010). Such studies allow researchers to provide participants with immediate feedback, automatically check for errors (e.g., missing responses), screen for invalid protocols (e.g., due to acquiescent responding), implement adaptive testing (e.g., where the response to one stimulus determines which stimulus is presented next), and present media, such as video, as part of the stimulus materials (Reis & Gosling, 2010). In addition, the Internet has facilitated the use of efficient crowd-sourcing methods in which individuals can be paid to participate in studies (Buhrmester, Kwang, & Gosling, 2011).…”

Section: Internet Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Six visions for the future of personality psychology.

Benet‐Martínez¹,

Donnellan²,

Fleeson³

et al. 2015

APA Handbook of Personality and Social Psychology, Volume 4: Personality Processes and Individual Differences.

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This is an exciting time to be a personality psychologist. A few years ago a distinguished colleague described the field as "coming out of a tailspin." He was right, but things are much better now. Personality psychology's important contributions are having an increasing impact as creative researchers push forward with programs on topics as diverse as the molecular biology of genetics and the psychological dynamics of people who have been socialized in more than one culture.Personality is the most important topic in psychology because it is where all the other areas come together. Cognitive psychology describes how people think and perceive. Developmental psychology traces the course of a person's psychological construction and change from infancy throughout life. Biological psychology explains the underpinnings of behavior in anatomy, physiology, genetics, and evolutionary history. And social psychology concerns how people respond to and affect the behavior of others. All of these subdisciplines serve personality psychology, the only field with the self-assigned mission of explaining whole people. It does this by focusing on individual differences, for the most part, but this is only natural. People are different from each other, and an understanding of how and why they differ necessarily entails a complementary understanding of the ways in which they are the same.So it is a bit surprising, in retrospect, what a difficult time personality has sometimes had in gaining the attention and even respect of the rest of psychology, not to mention the world at large. I can identify at least three historic reasons for this difficulty. First, personality psychology has long been identified in the minds of many people with the first (and perhaps only) course in the subject that they took in college. Too often, this was (and sometimes still is) the classic "tour of the graveyard" that focuses on brilliant but long-deceased theorists and leads students to end the semester thinking the burning concern of the field is the disagreement between Freud and Jung (see Laura King's contribution later in this chapter). I actually defend the inclusion of Freud and Jung in modern personality courses, in measured doses, but a course that is restricted to theorists like these is an unforgivable misrepresentation of the field, a failure in one's duty to educate students, and a slap in the face to every contemporary personality researcher.A second source of personality's difficulty is, of course, Mischel's (1968) critique and the ensuing decades of arguments, rebuttals, and obfuscations. The controversy resulted in some hard-won enlightenment (Kenrick & Funder, 1988) but also left behind damage that included decimated or disestablished graduate programs, careers that ended prematurely or never even began, and a lingering image in the minds of a surprising number of smart psychologists outside the field that "personality" is a quaint,

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Section: Internet Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Six visions for the future of personality psychology.

Benet‐Martínez¹,

Donnellan²,

Fleeson³

et al. 2015

APA Handbook of Personality and Social Psychology, Volume 4: Personality Processes and Individual Differences.

Self Cite

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“…To map out the basic connections between personality and OSN behavior, we present two descriptive exploratory studies 4 to begin examining how traits are expressed on Facebook, currently the most widely used OSN in the world. Specifically, we examine the personality correlates of selfreported Facebook usage (Study 1) and some ways in which personality traits are expressed in terms of observable information found on Facebook profiles (Study 2); we also examine the extent to which observers are sensitive to the ways in which personality is manifested on profiles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manifestations of Personality in Online Social Networks: Self-Reported Facebook-Related Behaviors and Observable Profile Information

Gosling

Augustine

Vazire

et al. 2011

Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking

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501

327

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Despite the enormous popularity of Online Social Networking sites (OSNs; e.g., Facebook and Myspace), little research in psychology has been done on them. Two studies examining how personality is reflected in OSNs revealed several connections between the Big Five personality traits and self-reported Facebook-related behaviors and observable profile information. For example, extraversion predicted not only frequency of Facebook usage (Study 1), but also engagement in the site, with extraverts (vs. introverts) showing traces of higher levels of Facebook activity (Study 2). As in offline contexts, extraverts seek out virtual social engagement, which leaves behind a behavioral residue in the form of friends lists and picture postings. Results suggest that, rather than escaping from or compensating for their offline personality, OSN users appear to extend their offline personalities into the domains of OSNs.

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“…Essa escolha se deu pelo fato de que as hipóteses retratam um teste em que dois grupos distintos são comparados em termos de critérios específicos, o que pode ser melhor realizado por meio de um design experimento do que por um desenho correlacional. Além disso, como em abordagens experimentais de pesquisa, os participantes não identificam o que está sendo avaliado e manipulado, supõe-se que essa abordagem ajuda a minimizar efeitos de desejabilidade social frequentemente encontrados em estudos correlacionais (H. T. Reis & Gosling, 2010;Melo & Farias, 2014). Para a escolha da amostra, optou-se em buscar avançar em relação a estudos anteriores que apresentaram como limitação o uso de estudantes de graduação como avaliadores (p.e., Deprez-Sims & Morris, 2010;Hosoda et al, 2012;Hosoda & Stone-Romero, 2010;Lev-Ari & Keysar, 2010;Singer & Eder, 1989).…”

Section: Metodologiaunclassified

O Sotaque Estadunidense Representa uma Vantagem em Decisões de Emprego no Brasil?

2016

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Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi examinar a relação entre o sotaque de um candidato a uma vaga de trabalho hipotética, bem como suas características pessoais (competência percebida e cordialidade), e os julgamentos relacionados ao desempenho deste no trabalho pretendido (adequação ao cargo, probabilidade de promoção e de contratação). Para tal, foi realizado um experimento com uma amostra de 304 alunos e ex-alunos de um curso de MBA em Gestão de Pessoas, de uma instituição de ensino superior sediada na cidade de São Paulo. Os resultados mostraram que, comparados a um candidato a uma vaga de trabalho brasileiro, o profissional com um sotaque estadunidense no idioma português foi mais bem avaliado em termos de adequação ao cargo, probabilidade de contratação e competência percebida. O candidato brasileiro, por sua vez, recebeu avaliações mais favoráveis em termos de probabilidade de promoção e cordialidade percebida. Uma vez que foram identificados vieses nos julgamentos relacionados ao trabalho realizados pelos participantes da pesquisa, sugere-se que as empresas busquem contratar selecionadores menos propensos a julgamentos estereotipados de candidatos a vagas de trabalho.

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Social Psychological Methods Outside the Laboratory

Cited by 75 publications

References 212 publications

Six visions for the future of personality psychology.

Six visions for the future of personality psychology.

Manifestations of Personality in Online Social Networks: Self-Reported Facebook-Related Behaviors and Observable Profile Information

O Sotaque Estadunidense Representa uma Vantagem em Decisões de Emprego no Brasil?

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